Intradialytic Resistance and Flexibility Exercise in Hemodialysis Patients

Effects of Intradialytic Resistance and Flexibility Exercises on Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

This study examined whether different types of exercise performed during hemodialysis sessions affect patients' health and quality of life. Patients receiving regular hemodialysis were assigned to resistance exercise, flexibility exercise, or usual care during dialysis. Changes in health-related outcomes were evaluated before and after the exercise period.

This single-center pilot study was conducted to explore the effects of exercise performed during hemodialysis on patients' health. Adult patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis participated in one of three groups: resistance exercise, flexibility exercise, or usual care without exercise. The exercise programs were carried out during routine dialysis sessions under supervision.

Patients' clinical measurements and self-reported health outcomes were assessed at the start of the study and again after completion of the exercise period. The study was carried out between December 2020 and April 2021 following approval by the institutional ethics committee.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18 years or older
• Receiving maintenance hemodialysis for at least 3 months
• Stable clinical condition
• Ability to participate in exercise during hemodialysis sessions
• Provided written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute illness or unstable cardiovascular disease
• Severe musculoskeletal or neurological conditions limiting exercise
• Recent hospitalization
• Cognitive impairment preventing cooperation
• Participation in another structured exercise program