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Football players require good core strength and balance to perform well and reduce the risk of injury. The muscles of the trunk and diaphragm play an important role in maintaining stability, posture, and movement control during sports activities.
This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of core stability training combined with balloon breathing exercises on dynamic balance, hop performance, and core endurance in professional football players. Balloon breathing exercises are designed to improve diaphragmatic breathing and trunk muscle activation.
Eligible football players will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: one group will receive core stability training combined with balloon breathing exercises along with regular football training, while the other group will receive core stability training with regular football training only. The intervention will be performed three times per week for eight weeks under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
Outcome measures, including dynamic balance, hop performances, core endurance, and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), will be assessed at baseline, during the intervention, at the end of the program, and at a three-month follow-up. The findings of this study may help improve training strategies aimed at enhancing performance and reducing injury risk in football players.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Core Stability Training With Balloon Breathing | Experimental | Participants receive a structured core stability training program combined with balloon breathing exercises along with regular football training for 8 weeks. |
|
| Core Stability Training Only | Active Comparator | Participants receive the same structured core stability training program without balloon breathing exercises, along with regular football training for 8 weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Core Stability Training | Other | McGill's Big Three core stability exercises including curl-up, side bridge, and bird-dog exercises performed three times per week for eight weeks, with progression to unstable surfaces as tolerated. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Dynamic Balance (Y-Balance Test) | Dynamic balance will be assessed using the Y-Balance Test. Reach distances in the anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions will be measured and normalized to leg length. | Baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Core Muscle Endurance | Core endurance will be assessed using McGill's trunk endurance tests, including trunk flexor hold, trunk extensor hold, and side bridge hold tests. The duration (in seconds) each position is maintained will be recorded. | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Lower Limb Hop Performance |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rajaskar Sannasi | Contact | +971508365724 | dr.rajasekar@gmu.ac.ae |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gulf medical University | Ajman | Al Jurf | United Arab Emirates |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| The effect of core stability training on ball-kicking velocity, sprint speed, and agility in adolescent male football players | View source |
| Core stability training for injury prevention | View source |
| Effects of neuromuscular training on athletes physical fitness in sports: A systematic review |
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| Balloon Breathing Exercise | Other | Diaphragmatic breathing exercise involving controlled inhalation through the nose and prolonged exhalation into a balloon while maintaining trunk engagement, performed alongside core exercises for eight weeks. |
|
Hop performance will be evaluated using single-leg hop, triple hop, and crossover hop tests. The distance hopped will be measured in centimeters. |
| Baseline and 8 weeks |
| Vertical Jump Height | Vertical jump height will be measured using a validated smartphone application (My Jump 2). The average of the best two out of three trials will be recorded. | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) | Inspiratory muscle strength will be assessed using a portable respiratory pressure meter. The highest value from three maximal inspiratory efforts will be recorded. | Baseline and 8 weeks |
| View source |
| Effects of McGill stabilization exercises and conventional physiotherapy on pain, functional disability and active back range of motion in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain | View source |
| Revisiting the continuum model of tendon pathology: what is its merit in clinical practice and research? | View source |
| Management of patellar tendinopathy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised studies | View source |
| Treatment of patellar tendinopathy--a systematic review of randomized controlled trials | View source |