Assessment of Craniofacial and Postural Changes Induced by LM-Activator Therapy in Growing Children

Assessment of Craniofacial and Postural Changes Induced by LM-Activator Therapy in Growing Children

This prospective study will compare the effects of LM-Activator™ and Twin Block appliances in 26 children (aged 8-13 years) with Class II malocclusion. Skeletal, dentoalveolar, and cervical posture parameters will be assessed using lateral cephalometric radiographs and digital dental models.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy children aged 8-13 years
• Cooperative behavior rated as "positive" or "definitely positive" according to the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale
• Presence of Class II malocclusion
• Patient-reported complaint of protruding anterior teeth
• Provision of written informed consent by both the child and their parent/legal guardian

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to continue treatment in the dental chair due to lack of cooperation
• Failure to attend scheduled follow-up appointments or withdrawal of consent during the study
• Occurrence of treatment-related complications preventing continuation of therapy (e.g., inability to maintain cooperation between patient and clinician)
• Inability to attend regular follow-up sessions or repeated absence from scheduled visits