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The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy and alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome by symptom assessment with visual analogue scale.
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS), hereinafter referred to as BMS, also known as glossodynia, oral mucosal dysesthesia, and other terms, is a type of neurosis. Its prevalence is approximately 0.7%-8%. Currently, the etiology and pathophysiology of BMS are not yet clear, and there is no known cure. Clinical treatment aims to alleviate patients' subjective symptoms, employing drug therapies (such as rinsing with 2%-4% sodium bicarbonate solution, oryzanol, methylcobalamin, alpha-lipoic acid, etc.), or combining cognitive behavioral therapy and removal of local irritants (such as dental calculus), but the therapeutic effects are limited.
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), is a therapeutic method that induces a series of physiological effects in cells, tissues, animals, and humans through the irradiation of specific wavelengths of red or near-infrared light. Research indicates that PBMT can alleviate the pain intensity in patients with BMS through its photobiological effects. Research has shown that photobiomodulation therapy can alleviate the pain of patients with burning mouth syndrome through photobiological effects. Therefore, this research project primarily investigates the efficacy of PBMT for BMS and the differences in therapeutic effects under different parameter settings by establishing a controlled trial with a low-energy laser treatment group and an alpha-lipoic acid control group. Based on the results of the clinical trial, this therapy is intended to be promoted.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBMT group | Experimental | Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients in PBMT group were provided with BMS disease explanation and psychological counseling. They will receive low-energy laser therapy with an energy density of 5 J/cm² and a power of 0.1/0.5 W for a consecutive period of 2 weeks, 5 days per week. |
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| ALA group | Active Comparator | Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) patients in the ALA group were provided with BMS disease explanation and psychological counseling. Then they took α-lipoic acid (ALA) 3 times a day, after meals, 200 mg each time, for 2 consecutive weeks. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Level Laser Therapy | Other | Energy density: 5 J/cm² Power: 0.1/0.5 W Course of treatment: 2 consecutive weeks, 5 days per week. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) | The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) will be used to assess the intensity of the patient's pain. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, where 0 represents "no pain" (the best possible outcome) and 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable" (the worst possible outcome). Therefore, higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater pain intensity). During the interview or telephone follow-up, the patient will be asked to report the number that best describes their pain. | Baseline and 2 weeks after intervention or observation |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Lu Jiang, MD | Sichuan University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University | Chengdu | Sichuan | 610041 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002054 | Burning Mouth Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D028022 | Low-Level Light Therapy |
| D008063 | Thioctic Acid |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053685 | Laser Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D010789 | Phototherapy |
| D002264 | Carboxylic Acids |
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| Alpha Lipoic Acid | Drug | Dosage: 600-800 mg ALA Course of treatment: 2 consecutive weeks, 3 times per day |
|
| D009930 |
| Organic Chemicals |
| D013876 | Thiophenes |
| D013457 | Sulfur Compounds |
| D003067 | Coenzymes |
| D045762 | Enzymes and Coenzymes |
| D005227 | Fatty Acids |
| D008055 | Lipids |