Assessment of a 3D-Printed Extraoral Camera Assembly for Standardized Dental Photography

Evaluation of a 3D-Printed Extraoral Camera Assembly for Standardization of Dental Photography:A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

This study investigates whether a 3D-printed extraoral camera assembly improves the reproducibility and dimensional standardization of dental photographs compared with conventional DSLR photography using standardized settings. The assembly, serving as the index test, standardizes camera position, distance, and angle during image capture, allowing performance comparison with traditional DSLR methods under identical exposure and lighting conditions. By enhancing photographic consistency, the assembly aims to improve longitudinal periodontal records, esthetic documentation, and digital analyses, providing a non-contact, operator-independent tool for reliable visual comparisons across clinical sessions.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult volunteers aged 18-40 years.
• Intact anterior dentition and healthy periodontal tissues.
• Cooperative and able to maintain a standardized head position. Only intraoral photographs will be taken

Exclusion Criteria:

• Facial deformities or scars affecting the image region.
• Previous orthognathic or periodontal plastic surgery altering soft-tissue contour.
• Active dermatologic lesions or tattoos in the perioral area.