Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The significance of this study to compare the effect of resistance exercises and relaxation therapy to find out which technique is more effective for improving physical function and quality of life in chronic kidney disease patient.
The study was aimed to determine the effect of resistance exercises and relaxation therapy on physical function and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease.
We hypothesized if there was significant effect of resistance exercises and relaxation therapy on physical function and quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease.
Group A: Relaxation therapy and Resistance exercises. Group B: Resistance exercises.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a pathophysiological process, where the kidneys experience a slow, progressive and irreversible decline in function where the body's ability fail in maintaining metabolism and fluid and electrolyte balance causes the occurrence of uremia.
Individuals of all ages and both sexes benefit from moderate-intensity physical activity, with diminished risk of cardiovascular diseases, maintenance of muscle strength, fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety and improved quality of life. Resistance exercises, alone and in combination with other exercises have shown beneficial outcomes in improving physical fitness, walking capacity, cardiovascular outcomes, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, relaxation techniques are considered successful in improving the condition of patients. Deep breathing relaxation techniques can reduce oxidative stress, increase cellular energy, increase elasticity of blood vessels and improve circulation, so that the final result can reduce and even overcome fatigue. The technique is easy to do, easy to learn, does not harm and a less costs is the advantage of deep breathing relaxation techniques. Resistance training has been successfully recommended as a method of gaining lean mass, strength and physical functioning in frail elderly persons and those with chronic diseases, including patients with cardiovascular and kidney diseases
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance exercises | Active Comparator | Resistance exercise (knee and hip flexion and extension ,and elbow extension) |
|
| Relaxation exercise | Experimental | Diaphragmatic Breathing + Pursed Lip Breathing |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resistance exercises: | Other | The researcher taught patients this exercise and encouraged them to do it daily each once about 20 to 30 minutes. The exercise started with moderate intensity of no more than 10 minutes then time of practice increased gradually to 30 minutes. Resistance exercise included the following: Knee and hip flexion and extension, elbow extension. The repetition was be 15-20 times |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| SF 36 (Quality of Life) | To assess patients Quality of life SF-36 was used. It provides information on 8 scales, scoring from0(worst health) to100(best health), and on the physical component scale (PCS) and the mental component scale (MCS), normalized scores representing overall physical and mental functioning | Pre-test (Baseline) and Post-test (08 Weeks) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Sit-to-Stand test | The STS 10 consisted of measuring the seconds employed by the patient to stand up from the sitting position, and to sit down for 10 consecutive times as quickly as possible. STS-10 is proved to be a feasible measure to detect changes resulting from an exercise intervention [ After 5 minutes for recuperation, the patient performed the STS 60 consisting of standing-up from a chair and sitting-down again as many times as possible during a 60 second time period.](streamdown:incomplete-link) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arif memorial teaching hospital | Lahore | Punjab Province | 54000 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19473613 | Background | Segura-Orti E, Kouidi E, Lison JF. Effect of resistance exercise during hemodialysis on physical function and quality of life: randomized controlled trial. Clin Nephrol. 2009 May;71(5):527-37. doi: 10.5414/cnp71527. | |
| 22928872 | Background | Barcellos FC, Santos IS, Mielke GI, del Vecchio FB, Hallal PC. Effects of exercise on kidney function among non-diabetic patients with hypertension and renal disease: randomized controlled trial. BMC Nephrol. 2012 Aug 28;13:90. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-90. |
Not provided
Not provided
The data will be shared on reasonable request
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Group A: Resistance exercises and relaxation therapy Group B: Resistance exercises, where Resistance exercise (knee and hip flexion and extension, and elbow extension)
Not provided
Not provided
The outcome assessor was kept blind. The individuals measuring or evaluating a study's results, assessor was not aware of treatment group (intervention) a participant belongs to, preventing their expectations or biases from influencing the outcome measurement and ensuring more objective results.
|
| Relaxation exercise | Other | Relaxation exercise (diaphragmatic breathing, pursed lip breathing) Diaphragmatic breathing is intended to help patient use the diaphragm correctly while breathing to strengthen the diaphragm and decrease the work of breathing. Patient was instructed to sit comfortably with the knees bent and the shoulders, head and neck relaxed. Breathe in slowly through the nose so that the stomach moves out against the hand. Then exhaled through pursed lib technique so that stomach moves in again. Patients was instructed to place one hand on the upper chest and the other just below the rib cage. This was allowing patient to feel the diaphragm move as he or she breathe. Patients was instructed to practice this exercise 5-10 minutes about 3-4 times per day. |
|
| Pre-test (Baseline) and Post-test (08 Weeks) |
| 6-minute walk test | It was used as an indicator of patients' exercise capacity. The total distance covered by subjects during 6 minutes on a walk of 20 meters in length along an internal corridor of the HD unit was recorded | Pre-test (Baseline) and Post-test (08 Weeks) |
| Background | Abd Elbaky M, Zaki S, Amin N, Ali R. Impact of Intradialytic Rehabilitation Program on General Health of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. American Journal of Nursing. 2018;6(5):263-72 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
Not provided
Not provided