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This in-vitro study evaluated the effects of a flavonoid-rich propolis extract on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling and inflammatory cytokine expression in human periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). PDLSCs were treated with propolis flavonoids under baseline conditions and following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, with untreated cells serving as controls. TLR4 gene expression was analyzed using PCR, while levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) were quantified by ELISA. Cell viability and cytotoxicity at different extract concentrations were assessed using the MTT assay. The study aimed to determine the immunomodulatory and cytocompatible potential of propolis flavonoids in regulating inflammatory responses in PDLSCs.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isolated PDLSCs, and adding Flavonoid extract from propolis |
| ||
| Isolated PDLSCs, no material added |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flavonoid extract from propolis | Drug | Preparation of Propolis Flavonoid Extract Concentrations for testing: 5 µg/mL 10 µg/mL 20 µg/mL |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| TLR4 expression | To evaluate the expression of TLR4 in PDLSCs after treatment with propolis flavonoid extract. | 48 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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in vitro study
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| no medication added | Other | No medication will be added to the second group |
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