In the study, the Obstetric Violence Awareness Training Program (OVATP), structured around role-playing, was administered to students as group training by researcher. The OVATP program was completed in 8 sessions over 4 weeks for the students in the experimental group, with 2 sessions per day, once a week. To ensure active student participation, role-playing exercises were used in the sessions; scenarios involving obstetric violence and those consistent with a respectful birthing approach were dramatized. The role-playing activities were conducted with five third-year midwifery students from the same university. The scenarios were specially prepared by the researcher and finalized after obtaining the opinions of five experts working in the field. The scenarios were rehearsed by the researcher before implementation. The researcher manag

The control group received no training; the students continued with standard midwifery education processes.

The group that was not intervened

The Perception of Obstetric Violence in Students Questionnaire (PercOV-S Q) was used to measure the perception levels of midwifery students regarding obstetric violence. This scale was developed by Mena-Tudela et al., and its adaptation into Turkish and a validity-reliability study were carried out by Yeniocak et al. A high total score on the scale indicates a high perception level of obstetric violence among students; a low score indicates a low perception level. The scale consists of 33 items and 2 subscales. These subscales were classified under two areas: "Protocolized-visible Obstetric Violence" and "Non-protocolized-invisible Obstetric Violence". The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of the scale was determined to be 0.92.

The Perception of Obstetric Violence in Students Questionnaire (PercOV-S Q) was used to measure the perception levels of midwifery students regarding obstetric violence. This scale was developed by Mena-Tudela et al. and its adaptation into Turkish and a validity-reliability study were carried out by Yeniocak et al. A high total score on the scale indicates a high perception level of obstetric violence among students; a low score indicates a low perception level. The scale consists of 33 items and 2 subscales. These subscales were classified under two areas: "Protocolized-visible Obstetric Violence" and "Non-protocolized-invisible Obstetric Violence". The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of the scale was determined to be 0.92.

The Caring Behaviors Inventory-30 (CBI-30) was used to measure students' perceptions of midwifery care. This scale was developed by Wolf et al, and its Turkish adaptation and validity-reliability study were conducted by Gül and Dinç. A high score on the scale indicates a high perception of midwifery care, while a low score indicates a low perception of midwifery care. The scale consists of 30 items and 3 subscales: "Respect for Others", "Professional Knowledge and Attitudes", and "Accessibility to the Individuals". The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale was determined to be 0.97.