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This randomized crossover study investigates the acute effects of different percussive massage intensities on agility, jumping, strength, and power performance in trained male football players. Participants complete three experimental conditions (no massage, low-intensity percussive massage, and moderate-intensity percussive massage) at two different times of day (morning and evening). Performance outcomes are assessed immediately following each intervention to examine dose-response effects and potential interactions with circadian timing.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PASSIVE REST (Control) | Other | Participants rested in a seated position for 5 minutes with no massage applied. This condition served as the passive control to account for baseline performance and circadian variation. |
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| Low-Intensity Percussive Massage (28 Hz) | Experimental | Participants received low-intensity percussive massage using a handheld massage device at 28 Hz for a total duration of 5 minutes (2.5 minutes per leg), targeting the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles. |
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| Moderate-Intensity Percussive Massage (35 Hz) | Experimental | Participants received moderate-intensity percussive massage using a handheld massage device at 35 Hz for a total duration of 5 minutes (2.5 minutes per leg), targeting the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Percussive Massage Therapy | Device | Percussive massage therapy was delivered using a handheld device (Hypervolt 2 Pro) applied bilaterally to the quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles. The total intervention duration was 5 minutes (2.5 minutes per leg). Two intensity levels were used: low intensity at 28 Hz and moderate intensity at 35 Hz. The device was applied using continuous longitudinal strokes at a controlled speed by a trained investigator immediately after a standardized warm-up. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Agility Performance | Agility performance assessed using the T-Test T-Test: A cone configuration was set up forming a "T" shape (10 m forward, 5 m to the left, and 5 m to the right). The participants sprinted forward, shuffled laterally to the left and right, and backpedaled to the starting position. | Immediately post-intervention (morning and evening sessions) |
| Countermovement Jump Height | Vertical jump height (cm) measured using the Countermovement Jump test via the My Jump Lab smartphone application. The highest value from three maximal trials was retained for analysis. Time Frame: | Immediately post-intervention (morning and evening sessions) |
| Agility | Illinois Agility Test: Participants started from a prone position (chest on the floor), stood up, and sprinted through a slalom course marked by cones over a 10 m × 5 m area. The timing was recorded to the nearest 0.01 s using electronic timing gates (Brower Timing Systems, Draper, UT, USA). The participants performed two trials for each agility test, and the best performance was retained for statistical analysis. | Immediately post-intervention (morning and evening sessions) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vertical jump performance | Vertical jump performance parameters were assessed using the Countermovement Jump (CMJ) test via the My Jump Lab application (v.4.4.2, developed by Dr. Carlos Balsalobre). This smartphone-based application uses high-speed video analysis to calculate jump variables and has been validated against gold-standard force platforms | Immediately post-intervention (morning and evening sessions) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inonu University/ PNU | Riyadh | Saudi Arabia | 12341 | Saudi Arabia |
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| Passive Rest | Other | Participants remained seated at rest for 5 minutes with no massage or device application. This condition served as the passive control to account for baseline performance and circadian variation. |
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