Children receiving chemotherapy often experience high levels of anxiety, which may also affect their parents. Anxiety during treatment can negatively influence emotional well-being, treatment adherence, and overall quality of life. Non-pharmacological and supportive interventions, such as recreational play activities, may help reduce anxiety in pediatric patients and their caregivers.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of recreational play activities on anxiety levels of children undergoing chemotherapy and their parents. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental design in a pediatric oncology setting. Children receiving chemotherapy and their parents participated in structured recreational play activities in addition to routine care. Anxiety levels of both children and parents were assessed before and after the intervention using validated anxiety assessment tools.

The findings of this study are expected to contribute to evidence-based nursing practices by highlighting the potential benefits of recreational play activities as a supportive intervention to reduce anxiety in pediatric oncology patients and their parents.

This study aimed to examine the effect of recreational play activities on anxiety levels of children undergoing chemotherapy and their parents. A quasi-experimental study design was used. The study was conducted in a pediatric oncology unit and included children receiving chemotherapy and their parents who met the inclusion criteria.

Participants were assigned to an intervention group that received structured recreational play activities in addition to routine care. Recreational play activities were planned according to the age and developmental level of the children and were implemented during chemotherapy sessions. The activities included age-appropriate games and play-based interactions designed to promote relaxation, emotional expression, and coping.

Anxiety levels of children and parents were assessed before and after the intervention using validated anxiety measurement scales. Demographic and clinical data were also collected. The primary outcome of the study was the change in anxiety levels of children and parents following participation in recreational play activities.

Ethical approval was obtained from the relevant Clinical Research Ethics Committee prior to the initiation of the study. Written informed consent was obtained from parents, and assent was obtained from children when appropriate. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with ethical principles and institutional guidelines.

The results of this study provide evidence on the effectiveness of recreational play activities as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention to reduce anxiety in pediatric oncology settings and support the integration of play-based approaches into routine clinical care.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 4-10 years receiving inpatient chemotherapy treatment in a pediatric oncology and hematology clinic;
• Children and parents who agreed to participate in the study and provided written informed consent;
• Children able to communicate verbally; parents who are able to read and write in Turkish.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children who experienced a significant life event unrelated to the disease within the last six months (such as parental divorce, death of a parent, or relocation);
• Children receiving more than one chemotherapy cycle simultaneously;
• Children in the terminal stage of the disease;
• Children or parents who declined participation or withdrew before completion of the study.

Individual participant data will not be shared due to the inclusion of pediatric participants and the absence of specific consent for data sharing.