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This study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Urdu version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for individuals with upper limb disabilities. Since no validated Urdu version currently exists, Urdu-speaking patients face communication barriers that may lead to inaccurate assessment and limited clinical decision-making. By ensuring semantic equivalence through forward-backward translation and expert review, the study seeks to develop a version that is both linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate.
This study aims to translate, culturally adapt, and validate the Urdu version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire for individuals with upper limb disabilities. Since no validated Urdu version currently exists, Urdu-speaking patients face communication barriers that may lead to inaccurate assessment and limited clinical decision-making. By ensuring semantic equivalence through forward-backward translation and expert review, the study seeks to develop a version that is both linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate.
A cross-sectional research design will be used, involving adults aged 18-45 years diagnosed with upper limb functional limitations. Participants will complete both the Urdu and English DASH questionnaires to evaluate reliability and validity. Reliability will be assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest stability (ICC), while validity will be examined using expert scoring (CVI) and correlation with the original instrument. Data analysis will follow standard psychometric testing procedures using SPSS.
The expected outcome is a reliable, valid tool for assessing upper extremity disability in Urdu-speaking populations. This will improve clinical assessment, enhance patient communication, and support broader inclusion in rehabilitation research and practice.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Data will be collected from experienced physiotherpist |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants (Aviane) | Other | Data will be collected from patients having upper limb pain or disability |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| reliability and validity | To assess the reliability and validity of the Urdu version of the DASH Questionnaire. | December 2025 to January 2026 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| cultural adaptation | To ensure the cultural adaptation, response of the patient and to compare the results of DASH Questionnaire Urdu version with English version of DASH Questionnaire. | October 2025 to November2025 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Diagnosed with any upper limb disability or deformity . Able to read, understand and speak Urdu. Individuals with symptoms enduring for at least one week .
Exclusion Criteria:
Cognitive impairment or psychiatric illness that hinders understanding of the questionnaire.
Patients with congenital deformities. Refusal to give informed consent.
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Patients with upper limb disability or pain for more than 4 weeks
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rabia Khan, Masters in Physiotherapy | Contact | +923452310047 | iamrabiakhan@gmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University | Recruiting | Karachi | Sindh | 75300 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 35665605 | Result | Basakci Calik B, Demir P, Gur Kabul E, Caglayan BC, Keskin A, Karasu U. Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the DASH-TR Questionnaire in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, Based on Rasch Analysis. Int J Rheum Dis. 2022 Aug;25(8):851-860. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.14358. Epub 2022 Jun 6. | |
| 36739630 | Result |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C072593 | ethinyl estradiol, levonorgestrel drug combination |
| D003625 | Data Collection |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D017531 | Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms |
| D011787 | Quality of Health Care |
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| data collection | Other | Data will be collected from patients having upper limb pain or disbility |
|
| Puentes Gutierrez AB, Garcia Bascones M, Jimenez Diaz F, Cuena Boy R, Puentes Gutierrez R. [Validity and reliability of DASH questionnaire in women who suffer from lymphedema as a side effect of a breast cancer treatment]. Rehabilitacion (Madr). 2023 Jul-Sep;57(3):100780. doi: 10.1016/j.rh.2022.100780. Epub 2023 Feb 3. Spanish. |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |
| D011634 | Public Health |
| D004778 | Environment and Public Health |