Comparison of Sympathetic Blockade Duration in Brachial Plexus Blocks Performed by Different Methods

Comparison of Sympathetic Block Duration and Rebound Sympathetic Activity Rate in Infraclavicular and Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Blocks Using Perfusion Index and Skin Temperature

This prospective comparative study will evaluate the sympathetic effects of ultrasound-guided infraclavicular versus supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks in adults undergoing upper-extremity surgery. Sympathetic tone will be monitored noninvasively with simultaneous bilateral measurements of perfusion index (pulse-oximetry-derived) and skin temperature obtained at baseline and at predefined post-block intervals until return to baseline. The primary outcome is the duration of sympathetic block. Secondary outcomes are between-approach differences in the time course of perfusion index and skin temperature, and the incidence and magnitude of rebound sympathetic activity.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18 to 65 year old
• ASA I-II
• Patients scheduled for upper extremity surgery
• Fully oriented and able to cooperate
• Patients who signed the informed consent form and gave consent to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• ASA III-IV-V
• Non-cooperation
• Disease that interferes with sensory block assessment
• Known allergy to the medicines to be used
• Pregnant patients
• Coagulopathy or thrombocytopenia
• Patients with anatomical abnormalities or active infection at the points of application