Motor Development Assessment and Support for Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Construction of a Motor Development Assessment System and an Improvement Mechanism for Children With Neurodevelopmental Disorders

On the one hand, it helps to understand the motor development of preschool children, so as to provide early intervention means for the prevention of motor retardation and promote the healthy development of preschool children, and on the other hand, different motor intervention strategies are formulated according to the developmental characteristics of children with different core symptoms. It is of great academic value to verify the effectiveness of the program through empirical research on exercise intervention and promote the improvement of motor and cognitive development of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 4 to 12 years
• Born at full term (gestational age ≥ 37 weeks and < 42 weeks)
• Provided informed consent signed by their legal guardian
• For the ADHD group:
• Diagnosed with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by a qualified physician (e.g., child psychiatrist or psychologist) according to DSM-5 diagnostic criteria
• For the typical development (control) group:
• No symptoms related to ADHD (e.g., inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity)
• Normal scores on parent- and teacher-rated behavioral questionnaires (e.g., CBCL, SDQ)
• No history of neurological or psychiatric disorders

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of other neurodevelopmental disorders, such as:
• Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
• Learning disabilities
• Epilepsy, cerebral palsy, or other neurological conditions
• Developmental quotient (DQ) < 85, as measured by standardized tools (e.g., Gesell scale)
• Significant visual or hearing impairments, or congenital malformations
• History of high-risk birth events, including but not limited to:
• Severe birth asphyxia
• Intrauterine infections
• Presence of genetic or metabolic disorders, or severe dysfunction of vital organs
• For the ADHD group: comorbid psychiatric conditions (e.g., schizophrenia, severe mood disorders)