Pentoxifylline on Inflammatory Markers in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Effect of Pentoxifylline on Inflammatory Markers in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

This study aimed to determine the impact of Pentoxifylline on inflammatory biomarkers and the progression of chronic kidney disease in non-diabetic patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that affects >10% of the general population worldwide, amounting to >800 million individuals.

The diagnosis of CKD is established by laboratory testing, most often by estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from a filtration marker, such as serum creatinine or cystatin C, using various formulas, or by testing urine for albumin or protein (or both).

Pentoxifylline (PTX), a synthetic dimethylxanthine derivative used initially to treat intermittent claudication in patients with peripheral arterial disease due to its hemorheological effects, has been shown to have potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-cellular-damage, and antifibrotic effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ˃ 18 years old.
• Both sexes.
• Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3, G4.
• Patients with proteinuria < 1 g.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who are terminally ill.
• Patients with Diabetes mellitus.
• Patients with proteinuria > 1 g.
• Patients with a history of hemodialysis.
• Patients with active infection or hospitalized.
• Patients with recent cerebral and /or retinal Hemorrhage.
• Patients taking warfarin or theophylline-containing drugs.
• women who are taking oral contraceptives, pregnant, or lactating
• Patients with a history of adverse reactions to Pentoxifylline.
• Patients with polycystic kidney disease.
• Patients with obstructive uropathy.