Clinical And Radiographic Evaluation Of Zinc Substituted Nanohyrdoxyappatite Bone Graft And Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin Block In The Treatment Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects

Clinical And Radiographic Evaluation Of Zinc Substituted Nanohyrdoxyappatite Bone Graft And Advanced Platelet Rich Fibrin Block In The Treatment Of Periodontal Intrabony Defects: A Randomized Controlled Study

Periodontal intrabony defects pose a significant challenge in clinical dentistry due to their complex anatomy and limited regenerative potential. Recent advancements in biomaterials and regenerative techniques have introduced novel approaches to enhance periodontal healing. This study evaluates the clinical and radiographic outcomes of using nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and zinc-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite (Zn-nHA) in combination with advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) blocks for the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.

Nano-hydroxyapatite, a biomimetic material, has shown promise in promoting bone regeneration due to its osteoconductive properties. Zinc substitution further enhances its biological activity by incorporating antimicrobial and osteoinductive characteristics. Advanced PRF, a second-generation platelet concentrate, provides a scaffold rich in growth factors and cytokines, which synergistically supports tissue regeneration.

Periodontitis causes deep periodontal pockets due to bone and attachment loss. Zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite enhances bone regeneration, while PRF promotes healing through growth factors. Their combination as a PRF block offers a promising approach for periodontal defect repair. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to compare the effectiveness of zinc-substituted nano-hydroxyapatite alone and in combination with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) block in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Thirty patients diagnosed with periodontitis were selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Each group received a different grafting material using a full-thickness mucoperiosteal flap surgical technique. Standardized clinical parameters-including gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level-were recorded at baseline and six months post-operatively. Radiographic assessments were also performed to evaluate bone changes using digital imaging and image analysis software. The zinc-substituted grafts were prepared using a chemical process, and PRF blocks were created by combining advanced and injectable PRF with the graft material

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adequate oral hygiene conditions.
2. Age range from 20 years to 50 years.
3. All patients will be physically healthy.
4. Patients who are co-operatively motivated.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Those who smoke.
2. Women who are pregnant.
3. Patients with poorly controlled systemic diseases which preclude local anesthesia or surgical procedures.