This project aims to study the effect of exercise in the obesity/overweight on the changes of physical fitness and blood components. This will provide novel knowledge for medical staffs, researchers, or companies developing alternative strategies for treating obesity/overweight, including drug development and health promotion project to delay or prevent the onset of the disease.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female individuals aged between 25-45 years

2. Thai nationality

3. Ability to walk or perform daily activities independently, without the use of an assistive device

4. Body mass index (BMI) between 25-35 kg/m²

5. Low physical activity levels or sedentary lifestyle based on the World Health Organization 2020

   • The levels of moderate-intensity physical activity < 150-300 minutes per week or the levels of vigorous-intensity physical activity < 75-150 minutes per week
   • Moderate-intensity physical activity: fast walking and bicycling. Vigorous-intensity physical activity: running, aerobic dance, and swimming All participants are required to meet all inclusion criteria to be eligible for the research project.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Smoking, substance abuse, or alcohol addiction
2. History of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, emphysema, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
3. History of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, aortic disease, arrhythmia, or deep vein thrombosis
4. History of high blood pressure (hypertension)
5. History of vestibular system diseases, such as Meniere's disease or otitis media
6. History of neurological disease, such as severe Parkinson's disease or stroke
7. History of previous lower limb surgery, such as hip, knee, or ankle replacement
8. History of musculoskeletal diseases, such as severe osteoarthritis
9. History of severe brain disease, such as dementia
10. Severe visual or hearing impairment
11. Have a cognitive and comprehensive impairment and unable to complete the intervention
12. Have high physical activity or regularly exercise