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Drawing on the Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC) model of adaptive development, this study tested whether a structured behavioral intervention could enhance walking activity and well-being through improvements in self-regulatory strategy use.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| SOC | Experimental | SOC-based walking intervention |
|
| Active control group | Active Comparator | active health education control. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SOC-based walking intervention | Behavioral | A structured Selection, Optimization, and Compensation (SOC)-based workshop designed to promote adaptive self-regulation in the domain of physical activity, particularly walking |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Walking behavior | weekly minutes of walking | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Selection | Use of "SOC (Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies)" questionnaire specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. It assesses the self-regulatory strategies using a 12-item version of the Selection Questionnaire originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises three subscales-in this case we use the Selection scale-with four items rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Henan Polytechnic University | Jiaozuo | Henan | 454099 | China |
The protection of the privacy of our respondents does not allow us to share IPD.
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| general health education program | Other | A general health education program that covered age-related topics such as nutrition, sleep, medication adherence, and mental well-being, but excluded any self-regulatory or goal-setting components. |
|
| From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| Optimization | Use of SOC "Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire" specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. For this outcome, we use the subscale Optimization, which self-regulatory strategies assessed using a list of Optimization items, originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument comprises is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |
| Compensation | Use of SOC "Selection, Optimization, and Compensation strategies Questionnaire" specific to walking, assessed with brief subscales (3-4 items each; 5-point Likert), at T0, T1, and T2. We use the Compensation subscale of self-regulatory strategies, that was originally developed by Freund and Baltes (2002) and validated for use with Chinese older adults by Chou and Chi (2001). The instrument is rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = strongly disagree, 5 = strongly agree). | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 8 weeks |