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In recent years, fitness concepts have continuously evolved, with many seeking to improve and enhance their physical condition through exercise to achieve better athletic performance. Aerobic exercise not only increases lipid utilization but also boosts athletic performance. Consequently, various aerobic exercise equipment has become increasingly popular in the market. Due to the pandemic's impact in recent years, people have rarely ventured outdoors, making indoor exercise equipment increasingly popular for home workouts. Spinning has emerged as a widely adopted new fitness activity, accessible to all genders and ages. Many gyms even offer specialized spinning classes with variations in speed and resistance. However, past literature has predominantly focused on continuous-intensity spinning interventions, which do not reflect the diverse training variations found in actual spinning classes. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of incorporating high-intensity interval training (HIIT) into spinning on cardiorespiratory fitness.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| high-intense interval training | Active Comparator | Performed repeated high-intensity bouts at 75-80% of VO₂ reserve, interspersed with active recovery at 60-65% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike. |
|
| moderate-intensity continuous training | Placebo Comparator | At approximately 70% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike. |
|
| control group | No Intervention | did not perform any exercise training |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| high intense interval training | Behavioral | performed repeated high-intensity bouts at 75-80% of VO₂ reserve, interspersed with active recovery at 60-65% of VO₂ reserve, using a spinning bike |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | VO2max (ml/kg/mL) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Baseline anthropometric of the participants | Age (yr) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | VEmax (L/min) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | maximal workload (W) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | AT% (%VO₂max) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | Resting O₂ pulse (mL·beat-¹) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | Max O₂ pulse (mL·beat-¹) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | MIP (cmH2O) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Lung function | FEV1 (L) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung functionWeight | FVC (L) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. 151, Jinxue Rd. | Kaohsiung City | Daliao | 831301 | Taiwan |
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| moderate intense continue training | Behavioral | continuously at approximately 70% of VO₂ reserve, using spinning bike |
|
| Control | Behavioral | did not perform any exercise training |
|
| Cardiopulmonary fitness | MEP (cmH2O) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Baseline anthropometric of the participants | Height (cm) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Baseline anthropometric of the participants | Weight (kg) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Baseline anthropometric of the participants | BMI (kg/m²) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | FEV₁/FVC (%) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | FEF25-75% (L·s-¹) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | PEF (L·min-¹) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | MVV (L·min-¹) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | Breathing reserve (%) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |
| Lung function | Dynamic Index (DI%) | Before intervention and the end of intervention at 6 weeks |