Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
This interventional study evaluates a 12-week, once-weekly group exercise program combining 60 minutes of progressive strength training and 60 minutes of Taiwanese opera-based activities for community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 in Taipei. The primary aim is to delay frailty and functional decline by improving physical fitness and independence. Primary outcomes are muscle strength, calf circumference, and SOF frailty score; secondary outcomes are BSRS-5, GGDS-5, and SARC-F. The study uses a non-randomized, parallel two-arm design (exercise vs. usual activity), open-label, with assessments at baseline and week 12.
Participants attend weekly 120-minute sessions for 12 consecutive weeks at community centers. Strength training targets major muscle groups using body weight, elastic bands, or light dumbbells at moderate intensity (Borg RPE 11-13) with progressive overload. The Taiwanese opera-based segment integrates singing, reciting, acting, and martial arts elements to promote balance, coordination, posture, and endurance. Sessions include warm-up and cool-down. Certified C-level instructors lead classes; adherence and adverse events are monitored each session. Statistical analysis will compare pre-post changes within groups (paired t-tests) and between-group differences in change scores (independent t-tests or ANCOVA adjusting for baseline values). Missing data will be handled primarily using complete case analysis, with sensitivity analyses using linear mixed-effects models under a MAR assumption or multiple imputation as appropriate.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise with Taiwanese Opera Elements | Experimental | Weekly 2-hour group sessions for 12 consecutive weeks; 60 minutes progressive strength training plus 60 minutes Taiwanese opera-based activities. |
|
| Usual Activity | No Intervention | Control : Usual Activity（No Intervention） |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strength Training plus Taiwanese Opera-based Activities | Behavioral | Group-based exercise delivered at community centers for community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years. Frequency: once per week. Session length: 120 minutes per session (60 minutes progressive strength training + 60 minutes Taiwanese opera-based activities integrating singing, reciting, acting, and martial arts). Total duration: 12 consecutive weeks.
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle Strength | Change in muscle strength from baseline to week 12, measured using standardized tests (e.g., handgrip strength with a dynamometer in kilograms, or 30-second chair stand repetitions). Higher values indicate better strength. | From enrollment to the end of intervention at 12 week |
| Calf Circumference | Change in calf circumference (centimeters) measured at the widest point of the non-dominant calf using a non-stretchable tape. Larger circumference generally indicates better muscle mass. | rom enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks |
| Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) frailty score | Change in Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) frailty score (range 0-3; higher scores indicate greater frailty) | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Brief Symptom Rating Scale 5-item (BSRS-5) | Change in the total score on the 5-item Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5); higher scores indicate greater psychological distress. Scores range from 0 to 20. | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks |
| Geriatric Depression Scale score 5-item(GGDS-5) |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences | Taipei | Taitau District | 11219 | Taiwan |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000073496 | Frailty |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055070 | Resistance Training |
| D000375 | Aging |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005081 | Exercise Therapy |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
| D000359 | Aftercare |
| D003266 | Continuity of Patient Care |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
|
Change in the 5-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-5) score; higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms. Scores range from 0 to 5. |
| From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks |
| SARC-F | Description: Change in SARC-F questionnaire score for sarcopenia risk (range 0-10; higher scores indicate higher risk). | From enrollment to the end of treatment at 12 weeks |
| D005791 |
| Patient Care |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D064797 | Physical Conditioning, Human |
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
| D048788 | Growth and Development |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |