Before starting the study, a nurse who was unaware of the study details (to prevent bias) administered the "Structured Patient Information Form" and "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale", and the "hemoglobin A1c " value measured immediately before the study began was recorded. At the end of the three-month pet therapy period, the same nurse administered the "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale" test, and the physician recorded the "hemoglobin A1c" value result as requested. During this process, patients continued their routine Type 2 Diyabetus Mellitus treatment.

Before starting the study, a nurse who was unaware of the study details (to prevent bias) administered the "Structured Patient Information Form" and "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale", and the "hemoglobin A1c" value result measured immediately before the study began was recorded.In addition, at the end of the three-month pet therapy period, the same nurse administered the "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale" and the physician recorded the "hemoglobin A1c" value result requested. During this process, patients continued their routine Type 2 Diyabetus Mellitus treatment.

A nurse who was unaware of the study details prior to its commencement (to prevent bias) administered the "Structured Patient Information Form" and "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale", and the "hemoglobin A1c" value result obtained immediately before the study began was recorded. No intervention was performed on these patients. Patients only continued their routine Type 2 Diyabetus Mellitus treatments. In addition, "Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale" was administered to patients at the end of the three-month period, and the "hemoglobin A1c" value requested by the physician was recorded.

The individuals were asked to take on the responsibility of caring for the turtles. The patients in this group were given one turtle and the necessary materials (aquarium, food, aquarium sand, etc.) for 12 weeks. Within this scope, patients fed the turtles twice a day, once in the morning (08:00) and once in the evening (20:00), and changed the water in the aquarium every two days with water that had been kept at room temperature beforehand. In addition, they were asked to spend 20 minutes a day with the turtle. During the twelve-week (3-month) period in which the individuals took responsibility for turtle care, the "Turtle Monitoring Form" was administered by the executor to evaluate the time spent with the turtle and the implementation of practices related to how they performed turtle care.

Hemoglobin A1c is a clinically useful index of average blood glucose levels over the past 120 days (average red blood cell lifespan). It most accurately reflects glycemic control over the past 2-3 months.

Hemoglobin A1c was measured twice, before and after the study.

Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale was developed by Sleath and colleagues (2016) to assess self-efficacy in overcoming barriers to diabetes medication use. Its Turkish validity and reliability were established by Kavuran & Türkoğlu (2022) using a 19-item, 3-point Likert-type scale. The scale consists of three subscales: "Requirement" (items 1-4), "Busyness" (items 5-9), and "Worry" (items 10-19). The scale scores range from 19 (low self-efficacy) to 57 (high self-efficacy).

Diabetes Medication Self-Efficacy Scale was measured twice, before and after the study.