To conduct a multicenter, prospective observational cohort study to investigate first-line immunotherapy patterns and clinical outcomes in NDMM patients in China. Leveraging the extensive patient resources of China's large center for blood disorders, the investigator will recruit approximately 500 NDMM patients to establish an NDMM patient cohort. The investigator will collect data on disease characteristics, treatment patterns, and clinical outcomes through one year of clinical follow-up. Further long-term follow-up is needed to obtain survival status and causes of death, so as to provide essential evidence for optimizing and improving patients' prognosis in clinical individualized treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM)
• Plan to receive first-line immunotherapy at the respective research center
• First-line immunotherapy includes proteasome inhibitors (PI), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), or anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, used alone or in combination with each other or with other treatments
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Ability to understand the purpose of the study and follow-up process
• Willingness to provide signed and dated written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

- Patients who did not receive any follow-up after initial diagnosis

it is expected that approximately 500 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients will be able to participate in the study during the study period of the selected centers.