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The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of Modified Otago Exercises and Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises on patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) using valid tools such as the Berg Balance Scale and the Katz Index of Independence in ADL. The results of our study will be helpful for clinical decision-making in terms of selecting specific physiotherapy treatment techniques in an attempt to improve their function, reduce their falls, and improve their independence specific to diabetes neuropathy.
Research into therapeutic exercise for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) has grown over the past decade due to the increasing recognition of non-pharmacological strategies for reducing fall risk and restoring function. DPN is associated with altered gait, diminished proprioception, and increased postural sway, making balance-specific exercise programs a critical area of intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group A | Experimental | Modified Otago Exercises |
|
| Group B | Experimental | Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Exercises |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Modified Otago Exercises | Other | The 30-minute Otago Exercise Program, involving both balance and strength training, followed by further 15 minutes of walking as part of the modified-OEP group intervention will be given. The 15-minute walk will be completed by walking continuously at an appropriate pace in the approximately 15-meter exercise room. Participants will be told to walk 15 meters, execute a U-turn to the left, walk 15 meters, and then execute a U-turn to the right at the next turning point to create the same effect on the stated benefit of symmetry while turning left and right. For twelve weeks, the intervention will be given three times a week. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living | The Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) is a tool that assesses a person's ability to perform six basic self-care tasks: bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding | Baseline, after 6th week, after 12th week |
| Berg Balance Scale | The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) is a 14-item test that assesses an individual's static and dynamic balance through a series of tasks, such as sitting to standing, reaching, and turning. | Baseline, After 6th week, After 12th week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imran Amjad Amjad, PhD | Contact | +92 324390125 | Imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sana Riaz, Nmpt | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| imran idrees teaching hospital daska Road sialkot, Dar ul shifa hospital sialkot | Sialkot | Punjab Province | 51310 | Pakistan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003924 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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Masking
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| Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercises | Other | The Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization exercises (DNS) twice a week for 60 minutes each time for 12 weeks. A five-minute warm-up, a fifty-minute exercise plan, and a five-minute cool-down comprised the program. Static stretching was used for the cool-down and dynamic stretching for the warm-up. DNS training is conducted in three levels. Level 1 (1 to 4 weeks) includes: (1) dynamic stretching (2) baby rock (3) breathing (4) rolling. Level 2 (5 to 8 weeks) includes: (1) oblique sit (2) aqua bag tripod (3) aqua bag sitting (4) aqua bag kneeling. Level 3 (9 to 12 weeks) include: (1) aqua bag high kneeling (2) static stretching (3) aqua bag standing |
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| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |