The Effect of Different Types of Music on Pain and Anxiety During Wound Care Procedures in Patients With Venous Ulcers

The Effect of Different Types of Music on Pain and Anxiety During Wound Care Procedures in Patients With Venous Ulcers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different types of music (instrumental Turkish music and Western music without lyrics) played during wound care on pain, anxiety, and patient satisfaction among individuals with venous ulcers.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 97 patients with venous ulcers were assigned to three groups: Western Music (n=32), Turkish Music (n=32), and Control (n=33). Patients in the music groups listened to their assigned music during routine wound dressing, while all patients received individualized, evidence-based care. Pain and anxiety were measured with VAS and STAI before, during, and after dressing, and patient satisfaction was assessed with VAS post-procedure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients attending the outpatient clinic with venous leg ulcers (CEAP classification: C6 - active ulcers)
• Age between 18 and 65 years
• Absence of neuropathy
• Willingness to listen to music and voluntary participation
• Literacy (able to read and write)
• No visual or hearing impairments
• No cognitive deficits; fully oriented to time, place, and person
• Turkish-speaking
• No formal music education

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of diabetes or diabetic foot
• Use of analgesic medications prior to or during routine wound care
• Individuals younger than 18 or older than 65 years
• Patients with psychiatric disorders
• Individuals with intellectual disabilities
• Patients with severe anxiety levels (STAI-S score 60-79 indicating severe anxiety)