Infants With Primary Congenital Hypothyroidism and Development

Investigation of Development Infants With Primary Congenital Hypothyroidism

A review of the literature has focused primarily on the cognitive and motor development of children with congenital hypothyroidism, but no studies on sensory processing skills have been found. Considering the age range of the groups studied, studies conducted in the early stages of life are rare. This planned study aims to examine the neurological status, motor development, and sensory processing skills of infants aged 6-18 months, considering early synaptogenesis.

The thyroid gland is responsible for producing the hormones necessary for normal growth and development. Congenital hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by underactive or absent thyroid gland in infants. Because thyroid hormone is essential for brain development, these children are at risk for brain damage and related cognitive and motor deficits. Initiating thyroxine supplementation early after birth through newborn screening programs aims to minimize this brain damage. Various studies on the effectiveness of these screening programs have shown that early thyroxine supplementation results in intelligence quotients within the normal range. However, mild cognitive and motor deficits, such as attention and balance problems, are present in most patients.

This planned study aims to examine the neurological status, motor development, and sensory processing skills in infants aged 6-18 months. The results of this study may provide a scientific basis for early follow-up and intervention programs by demonstrating the potential impact of congenital hypothyroidism on these developmental areas.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Those with primary congenital hypothyroidism who have been treated since the newborn period and are currently on treatment.
• Infants born at term.
• Between 6 and 18 months old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Infants with secondary congenital hypothyroidism,
• Preterm infants,
• Those with congenital infections or proven genetic alterations,
• Infants diagnosed with metabolic, neurological, or genetic diseases,
• Infants whose parents did not volunteer for the study