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The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Scale (SCaRES) questionnaire; to evaluate the reliability of the Turkish form and to ensure its usability in clinical and research fields.
dependent on the involvement of families and caregivers. The emotional burden, stress, anxiety, and social limitations experienced by caregivers during the treatment process can indirectly affect both the individual's quality of life and the success of the patient's treatment. Therefore, objectively assessing the emotional and psychosocial impact experienced by caregivers of individuals with scoliosis is crucial for planning appropriate supportive interventions. The Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Scale (SCaRES), developed for this purpose, is a specific measurement tool that assesses emotional and behavioral responses to the treatment process in caregivers of individuals with scoliosis. Validity and reliability studies are required for the scale's use in different cultures and languages. Cultural differences, linguistic shifts, and healthcare system dynamics limit the scale's direct translation. Therefore, developing a Turkish version of the SCaRES is crucial for validly and reliably assessing the psychosocial burden experienced by caregivers in Turkish society. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Scale (SCaRES) and to assess its reliability and ensure its usability in clinical and research settings.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scoliosis Caregiver Group | Demographic information of caregivers who met the study criteria will be recorded at the beginning of the study. In this study, written permission was obtained from the authors of the original scale to establish the reliability and psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Survey. The scale was first translated into Turkish by two independent translators, and the translations were combined and synthesized by experts (physiotherapy/rehabilitation specialists and a linguist). The resulting Turkish version was back-translated into English by an independent translator and checked for consistency with the original text. The Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Scale (SCaRES) is a specific scale developed to measure the emotional and behavioral responses of parents or primary caregivers of children or adolescents with scoliosis to the treatment process. The scale assesses dimensions such as stress, anxiety, social limitations, and |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Scoliosis Caregiver Affect and Emotional Questionnaire Turkish Version | The Scoliosis Caregiver Response and Emotional Scale (SCaRES) is a specific scale developed to measure the emotional and behavioral responses of parents or primary caregivers of children or adolescents with scoliosis to the treatment process. The scale assesses aspects such as stress, anxiety, social limitations, and psychosocial burden experienced during the caregiving process. The SCaRES scale consists of 18 items. Each item is scored on a Likert-type scale of 1- Never, 2- Rarely, 3- Often, and 4- Always. The total scale score indicates the caregiver's level of impact on the treatment process. A higher score indicates a greater level of emotional and behavioral impact on the caregiver. | through of the study, average 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The sample population consists of individuals who volunteered for the study and met the inclusion criteria, who had no history of other comorbidities in their children, a positive neurological examination, or previous spinal surgery. Convenience sampling will be used in sample selection.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tuğba GÖNEN, Asisst. Prof. Dr. | Contact | 505 090 58 46 | tugba.badat@hku.edu.tr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Tuğba GÖNEN, Asisst. Prof. Dr. | Hasan Kalyoncu University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hasan Kalyoncu University | Gaziantep | Gaziantep | (505) 090-5846 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33280964 | Result | Motyer G, Dooley B, Kiely P, Fitzgerald A. Parents' information needs, treatment concerns, and psychological well-being when their child is diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic review. Patient Educ Couns. 2021 Jun;104(6):1347-1355. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.11.023. Epub 2020 Nov 25. | |
| 31895294 | Result |
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| Campbell M, Matsumoto H, St Hilaire T, Roye BD, Roye DP, Vitale MG. Burden of care in families of patients with early onset scoliosis. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2020 Nov;29(6):567-571. doi: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000711. |
| 37858224 | Result | Shi Z, Mao Z, Xue S, Chen G, Li S. What is the relationship between health-related quality of life among scoliosis patients and their caregiver burden? A cross-sectional study in China. BMC Psychol. 2023 Oct 19;11(1):346. doi: 10.1186/s40359-023-01375-0. |
| 30218532 | Result | Li C, Miao J, Gao X, Zheng L, Su X, Hui H, Hu J. Factors Associated with Caregiver Burden in Primary Caregivers of Patients with Adolescent Scoliosis: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study. Med Sci Monit. 2018 Sep 15;24:6472-6479. doi: 10.12659/MSM.909599. |
| 23633006 | Result | Altaf F, Gibson A, Dannawi Z, Noordeen H. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. BMJ. 2013 Apr 30;346:f2508. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f2508. No abstract available. |
| 18456103 | Result | Weinstein SL, Dolan LA, Cheng JC, Danielsson A, Morcuende JA. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Lancet. 2008 May 3;371(9623):1527-37. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60658-3. |
| 40542837 | Result | Zaina F, Ferrario I, Bakhsh HR, Donzelli S, Negrini S. SCaRES - scoliosis caregiver response and emotional scale: a Rasch-validated questionnaire to measure the psychological impact of children's scoliosis on their parents. Eur Spine J. 2025 Nov;34(11):5224-5231. doi: 10.1007/s00586-025-08983-x. Epub 2025 Jun 21. |