The objective of this observational study is to systematically compare the efficacy and patient prognosis between auxiliary liver transplantation and living donor liver transplantation, and to explore the postoperative recovery, survival rate, rejection, postoperative complications, and long-term prognosis of patients undergoing auxiliary liver transplantation.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who underwent auxiliary liver transplantation or living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).
2. Patients with complete medical records and follow-up data.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients who underwent retransplantation.
2. Patients who underwent other organ transplantation (or multiorgan transplantation).
3. Patients with severe missing postoperative follow-up data or loss to follow-up.

Patients who were treated at the Liver Transplantation Center of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University between December 2025 and December 2028, and who underwent either auxiliary liver transplantation (study group) or conventional liver transplantation (control group).