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Introduction:
Non-cancer chronic pain (NCCP) persists beyond the injury that caused it, affecting approximately 20% of the global population (around 1.6 billion people) and 17-18% in Spain (about 8 million people). Its treatment is complex and often insufficient, highlighting the need for an integrated, multimodal, multidisciplinary approach coordinated between primary and hospital care.
Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary intervention program combining pain neuroscience education, therapeutic physical exercise, and promotion of healthy habits, aiming to improve health-related quality of life in individuals with NCCP at the Benicàssim Health Center.
Methodology:
This is a quasi-experimental, before-and-after pilot study, non-randomized, without a control group, using a convenience sample of 12 participants. Sociodemographic, health-related, and clinical variables will be measured, including health-related quality of life, central sensitization, kinesiophobia, catastrophizing, pain level, body mass index, sleep quality, perceived social support, anxiety, and depression. Measurements will be taken before the program, at completion, and at 3 months.
The intervention is a 6-week group program with 17 sessions, combining pain neuroscience education, individualized therapeutic exercises, and promotion of healthy habits. Data will be analyzed using SPSS v.29 with a significance level of p<0.05.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental: Multidisciplinary Intervention | Experimental | All participants will receive a multidisciplinary intervention program lasting 6 weeks, consisting of 17 sessions that combine pain neuroscience education, individualized therapeutic exercises, and promotion of healthy lifestyle habits. The program aims to improve pain management skills and health-related quality of life in patients with non-cancer chronic pain. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multidisciplinary Intervention Program for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain | Behavioral | A 6-week multidisciplinary group program composed of 17 sessions combining pain neuroscience education, individualized therapeutic exercises, and promotion of healthy lifestyle habits. The intervention aims to improve pain management skills, physical function, and health-related quality of life in adults with non-cancer chronic pain. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Health-Related Quality of Life Measured With the EQ-5D-5L | Health-related quality of life will be assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. The EQ-5D-5L index value typically ranges from less than 0 (worse than death) to 1.00 (full health). Higher scores indicate better health-related quality of life. The EQ-VAS ranges from 0 (worst imaginable health) to 100 (best imaginable health). | Baseline, immediately after the 6-week program, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Intensity Measured With the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) | Pain intensity will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 100-mm line ranging from 0 (no pain) to 100 (worst imaginable pain). Higher scores indicate worse pain intensity. | Baseline, post-intervention, 3 months. |
| Central Sensitization Assessed With the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benicassim Health Center | Benicassim | Castellón | 12560 | Spain |
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Central sensitization will be assessed using the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), consisting of 25 items scored from 0 to 4. The total score ranges from 0 (no symptoms) to 100 (maximum symptom severity). Higher scores indicate worse central sensitization. |
| Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Kinesiophobia Measured With the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11) | Fear of movement will be assessed using the 11-item Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Scores range from 11 (lowest fear) to 44 (highest fear). Higher scores indicate worse kinesiophobia. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Pain Catastrophizing Measured With the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) | Pain catastrophizing will be measured using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), a 13-item questionnaire. Scores range from 0 (no catastrophizing) to 52 (maximum catastrophizing). Higher scores indicate worse catastrophizing. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Sleep Quality Assessed With the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) | Sleep quality will be assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The global score ranges from 0 (better sleep quality) to 21 (poorer sleep quality). Higher scores indicate worse sleep quality. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Anxiety and Depression Assessed With the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) | Anxiety and depression will be assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), which includes two subscales (anxiety and depression), each ranging from 0 (no symptoms) to 21 (severe symptoms). Higher scores indicate worse anxiety or depression. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |
| Perceived Social Support Measured With the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire | Perceived social support will be assessed using the Duke-UNC Functional Social Support Questionnaire. Scores range from 8 (lowest support) to 40 (highest support). Higher scores indicate better perceived social support. | Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after intervention completion. |