The Effect of Home-Based Walking on Symptoms and Health Profile of Hemodialysis Patients

The Effect of Home-Based Walking on Symptoms and Health Profile of Hemodialysis Patients:Randomized Controlled Trial

This study aims to evaluate the effect of 8 weeks of home-based moderate-speed walking on hemodialysis symptoms and health profile while patients are receiving hemodialysis treatment.

Due to permanent deterioration in kidney function, patients need hemodialysis treatment, which is the most commonly used treatment method among renal replacement therapies. Hemodialysis treatment causes a series of physical and psychological problems. Problems such as hypotension, headache, nausea, muscle cramps, itching and pain are physical problems, while depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders and stress are psychological problems. In addition, it has been reported that long-term hemodialysis treatment and all the resulting problems increase the tendency to a sedentary lifestyle in this patient group, leading to a decrease in physical function and activity, and indirectly to a low quality of life and low survival rates. For this reason, hemodialysis patients have difficulty meeting their daily activities and needs, and their dependency and healthcare burden increase. Adopting a sedentary lifestyle by these patients prevents them from managing both the physical and psychological problems of hemodialysis and their conditions such as hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and causes the disease to progress. Physical exercises, which are considered among the useful therapeutic suggestions in addition to pharmacological treatments in the management of the negative situations that arise, are considered as an easy, useful and effective intervention method. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recommends 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical exercise at least 5 days a week. Additionally, it should not be overlooked that whether patients have places to do physical activity and what their facilities are are a detail that should be questioned by health professionals. Patients without suitable accommodations should be encouraged to engage in physical activity, especially in indoor spaces like home. Home-based walking exercise is known to be easy, inexpensive, and safe, and is also advantageous when the weather is not favorable. When we examined the studies in which home-based walking exercise was performed, it was determined that its effect on functional capacity was generally investigated, but its effect on the health outcomes and symptoms of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment was not evaluated. There was no evidence that home-based walking exercise had any effect on symptoms in patients receiving HD treatment. Therefore, it was planned to conduct a study to evaluate whether home-based walking exercise has an effect on patient health outcomes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients who agreed to participate in the research during the data collection process,
• Over 18 years of age,
• Speak and understand Turkish,
• Are at least literate,
• Can perform daily living activities independently,
• Own a smartphone.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Do not have sufficient cognitive ability,
• Have arthritic or orthopedic problems requiring assistance with walking,
• Have significant visual or hearing impairments,
• Walk regularly,
• Have a hemoglobin level <8 mg/dl,
• Have Stage IV of New York heart failure.