This observational study aims to investigate the impact of GGCX gene mutations and GGCX levels on stroke prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke, as well as their correlation. The main issues are:

What is the relationship and potential mechanism between GGCX gene mutations and their expression levels and the composite prognosis of recurrence, death, and bleeding events in patients with ischemic stroke? Collect blood samples from enrolled ischemic stroke patients for genetic testing, and conduct follow-up visits at 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge to evaluate clinical prognosis outcomes. This will answer questions about the relationship and mechanism between GGCX gene and patient prognosis.

• Inclusion Criteria

  (1) Inclusion Criteria for Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients:

  1. Aged between 18 and 85 years.
  2. Diagnosed with ischemic stroke (in accordance with the "Chinese Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke 2023," including TOAST etiological/pathogenic subtypes: large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolism (CE), small-artery occlusion (SAO), stroke of other determined etiology (SOE), and stroke of undetermined etiology (SUE)).
  3. Acute onset, with symptoms occurring within 72 hours and being the first episode.
  4. Voluntary participation with signed informed consent.

  (2) Inclusion Criteria for Healthy Controls: 1) Healthy control population matched for age, gender, and risk factors (including personal and family history).

• Exclusion Criteria

  (1) Exclusion Criteria for Healthy Controls:

  1. Patients with cerebrovascular diseases occurring within 72 hours.
  2. Pregnant or lactating patients.

  (2) Exclusion Criteria for Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients:

  1. Other types of stroke, including hemorrhagic stroke, mixed stroke, and tumor-related stroke patients.
  2. Patients with coagulation disorders or other hematologic diseases.
  3. Patients with severe cardiovascular, pulmonary, or hepatic diseases.
  4. Renal dysfunction.
  5. Cancer patients.
  6. Patients with active gastric ulcers or gastric bleeding.
  7. Pregnant or lactating patients.

This study will be conducted in six hospitals (centers) across the country, namely Xi'an Jiaotong University First Affiliated Hospital, Shandong Weifang Second People's Hospital, Shandong Linshu People's Hospital, Hunan Second People's Hospital (Hunan Brain Hospital), and Nantong First People's Hospital.

IPD will decide whether to share based on laws and regulations and the management measures of the Clinical Trial Ethics Committee.