Structured Simulation Training for Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Skills in Thoracic Surgery Residents

Structured Simulation-Based Training to Develop Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Skills in Thoracic Surgery and Rotating Surgical Residents: A Component-Based Educational Model

This study aims to improve basic laparoscopic and thoracoscopic skills in thoracic surgery residents and rotating surgical residents through a structured simulation-based training program. Participants will complete hands-on practice sessions using box trainers, artificial models, and bovine tissues in a controlled, non-patient setting.

Before and after the training, participants will complete self-assessment surveys and a standardized technical skills evaluation (OSATS). The study will compare these results to measure changes in technical performance, confidence, and learning needs. No real patients, live animals, or clinical procedures are involved, and there are no expected medical risks.

The goal of this study is to determine whether structured simulation training is effective, practical, and acceptable for surgical education, and whether it can support safer transition to real operating room experience in the future.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Thoracic surgery residents OR rotating general surgery/cardiovascular surgery residents
• Age ≥18 years
• Actively enrolled in an accredited residency training program
• Willingness to participate in hands-on simulation training
• Ability to provide informed consent
• Able to complete video-recorded performance assessments

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prior advanced laparoscopic or thoracoscopic fellowship training
• Inability to safely handle surgical instruments (e.g., significant musculoskeletal limitation)
• Previous participation in a similar structured simulation program within the past 12 months
• Declines consent or withdraws participation
• Unable to attend required training and assessment sessions