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| ID | Type | Description | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| K18HD117377 | U.S. NIH Grant/Contract | View source |
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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) | NIH |
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Clinicians will complete a screen-based automated virtual reality training intervention to learn how to counsel caregivers of pediatric patients on secure firearm storage.
The investigators will recruit pediatric clinicians to participate in an automated screen-based virtual reality intervention. Clinicians will be recruited from clinical locations that offer a variety of setting types (urban, suburban, and rural).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| An Automated Virtual Reality Intervention to Support Firearm Safety Counseling in Clinicians | Experimental | The automated virtual reality intervention allows clinicians to deliberately practice firearm safety counseling skills through verbal interactions with virtual characters with receipt of immediate feedback to support behavior change and mastery learning. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| An Automated Virtual Reality Intervention to Support Firearm Safety Counseling in Clinicians | Behavioral | The automated virtual reality intervention allows clinicians to deliberately practice firearm safety counseling skills through verbal interactions with virtual characters with receipt of immediate feedback. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Acceptability of Intervention Measure | Four items, Scale score is average across individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. higher scores indicate better acceptability | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| Appropriateness of the Intervention Measure | Four items, Scale score is average across individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. higher scores indicate better appropriateness | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| Feasibility of the Intervention Measure | Four items, Scale score is average across individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. higher scores indicate better feasibility | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| De Novo Survey Item for Assessing Social Cognitive Theory Construct Behavioral Capability | One item, Scale score of individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. higher score indicates more behavioral capability | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| De Novo Survey Items for Assessing Social Cognitive Theory Construct Self-Efficacy |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| De Novo Standardized Patient Encounter Assessment Tool - Assessing Fidelity to the Virtual Reality Intervention Components | Participant's will engage in a standardized patient encounter to assess fidelity to behavioral skills reviewed during the virtual reality intervention, 20 items, maximum score: 20, minimum score: 0, scaled scores for firearm counseling skills and motivational interviewing skills, scaled scores determined by adding together individual items, 17 items related to firearm safety counseling, 3 items related to motivational interviewing |
Inclusion Criteria:
- Pediatric Clinicians must meet one of the following inclusion criteria at each study site: Physicians (attending, fellow or resident), Licensed Nurse Practitioner, Physician's Assistant
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Francis J Real, MD, MEd | Contact | 513-636-9261 | francis.real@cchmc.org |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center | Cincinnati | Ohio | 45229 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39128562 | Background | March M, Zackoff M, Fleck J, Meisman A, Humphrey K, MacDougall MC, Ehrlich S, Griggs C, Sacks C, Masiakos P, Klein M, Real F. A Randomized Trial of Virtual Reality Training to Improve Firearm Safety Counseling Skills. Acad Pediatr. 2025 Jan-Feb;25(1):102560. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2024.08.005. Epub 2024 Aug 10. | |
| 39677314 | Background | Real FJ, Griggs C, March M, Masiakos PT, Meisman A, Felopulos G, Sacks CA, Zackoff MW. Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual Reality Curriculum to Support Firearm Safety Counseling Skills Among Pediatric Residents. J Grad Med Educ. 2024 Dec;16(6):740-746. doi: 10.4300/JGME-D-24-00022.1. Epub 2024 Dec 13. |
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De-identified individual participant data (IPD) for survey data will include clinician participants' (a maximum of n=30) demographic data (race, age, gender, role, practice setting, experience counseling on firearm safety), responses to items related to implementation (acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility), and responses to items related to psychosocial constructs (behavioral capability, self-efficacy, expectations and expectancies). Data will include demographic information, baseline characteristics, outcome measures, and adverse event data. Access will be granted to researchers with a methodologically sound proposal, subject to review by the study team and institutional policies. Data be to be shared will be archived in DASH through the NICHD repository.
Data access included in associated publications or the end of the award period, whichever comes first.
Requests for data access should be submitted to the Principal Investigator or through the data sharing plan website.
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Eight items, Scale score for individual items, Minimum score: 0, Maximum score: 4. Higher scores indicate more self-efficacy. |
| From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| De Novo Survey Items for Assessing Social Cognitive Theory Construct Expectations | Three items, Scale score of individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. Higher scores indicate more expectations. | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| De Novo Survey Items for Assessing Social Cognitive Theory Construct Expectancies | Six items, Scale score of individual items, Minimum score: 1, Maximum score: 5. higher scores indicate higher expectancies for prioritizing firearm safety discussions across different ages for well-child visits. | From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 2 months |
| From completion of the virtual reality intervention to 6 months |
| 39949418 | Background | March ML, Meisman AR, Zackoff MW, Klein MD, Real FJ. Caregivers' and Community Members' Perspectives on Firearm Safety Screening and Counseling During Pediatric Primary Care Visits. J Pediatr Clin Pract. 2024 Mar 14;12:200099. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedcp.2024.200099. eCollection 2024 Jun. |