The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of endurance training performed with a bicycle ergometer at different ambient temperatures on the amount of fat tissue and fat tissue metabolism in overweight and obese women.

This study will examine the effects of 12 weeks of endurance training on a bicycle ergometer at thermoneutral and slightly cold ambient temperatures on body composition, subcutaneous and visceral fat tissue thickness, and levels of irisin, leptin, adiponectin, apelin, IL-6 and FGF-21 in the blood of overweight and obese women.

Inclusion Criteria:

Being female,

• Being between 20-40 years old,
• Having a BMI between 25 and 34.9,
• Having a waist circumference greater than 80 cm,
• Not having participated in any exercise program in the last 3 months ,
• Not having experienced a change of more than 10% in body weight in the last 6 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

• On a weight loss diet,

  • Having cancer, unstable heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, metabolic disease, diabetes, hypertension, psychiatric disorders, or other conditions or neurological disorders,
  • Having a musculoskeletal disorder or any disease/injury that may affect participation in exercise training,
  • Participating in regular physical activity (at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity or an equivalent combination of both during the week),
  • Being pregnant or breastfeeding,
  • Having undergone surgery for the treatment of obesity,
  • Receiving pharmacological treatment for obesity. Participants who did not attend more than 20% of the endurance training program will be excluded from the study.

The main outcome measures will be assessed by 3 different researchers . The researchers conducting the assessments will not know which group the participants are belongs to.