People in detention are at significantly higher risk of suicide compared to the general population. In Belgian prisons, the suicide rate is five times higher than average. Despite the availability of suicide prevention tools, many are not scientifically validated or adapted to the detention context, leading to inconsistent use and missed warning signs.

This study aims to evaluate and adapt three evidence-based suicide prevention tools-the Safety Plan, the guideline for the care and evaluation of suicidality , and the Risk Formulation template-for use in detention settings. Through interviews with both professionals working in prisons and individuals in detention, the study explores how these tools can be made more relevant, practical, and effective in this unique environment.

The research involves 40 participants: 20 professionals and 20 individuals in detention. Interviews will gather feedback on the tools' usability, clarity, and fit with the realities of prison life. The ultimate goal is to improve suicide prevention practices in detention by offering tailored, scientifically grounded tools that support both staff and detainees.

For professionals working in detention:

Inclusion criteria:

• Aged 18 years or older
• Currently working in a professional care role within a prison setting (e.g., psychologist, psychiatirst, social worker, nurse, etc.)
• Experience in supporting or treating incarcerated individuals with suicidal thoughts or behaviours

Exclusion Criteria:

• Under the age of 18
• Not employed in a professional caregiving role within detention (e.g., correctional officers or security staff)

For people in detention:

Inclusion criteria:

• Aged 18 years or older
• Experienced suicidal thoughts within the past three years

Exclusion criteria:

• Under the age of 18
• Significant cognitive limitations that would make the participation in an interview infeasible
• Insufficient command of the Dutch language to understand and respond to interview questions

Participants will be drawn from Belgian detention facilities and the prison-based care network. Specifically:

• Professionals working in detention: Psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, nurses, and other healthcare staff working within Belgian detention centers who have had experience in suicide prevention.
• People in detention: Adults held in selected Belgian prisons who are clinically stable and able to participate in a one-hour interview. Referrals will be made by prison psychologists, social workers, or healthcare staff.