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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| NHS Lanarkshire | OTHER_GOV |
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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if taking a beetroot juice supplement will work in people living with Alzheimer's disease. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Researchers will look at how you managed with the beetroot juice, as well as if there were any improvements in your health measures.
Participants will:
Primary objectives:
To establish the feasibility of a beetroot juice supplement in people living with Alzheimer's disease (primary outcome). To establish whether a twice per day, 1-week beetroot juice intervention will induce changes in dementia related health outcomes (secondary outcomes).
Outline:
Participants will complete a 24-hour food diary prior to baseline testing before starting twice daily supplementation of beetroot juice shots for 7 days. Post-testing will be conducted on day 8 with a further 24-hour food diary having been completed prior to testing.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Beetroot juice supplementation | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beetroot juice | Dietary Supplement | Participants will take a concentrated beetroot juice shot (70ml) twice daily for 1-week. Each shot contains 400mg of dietary nitrate (800mg per day). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Feasibility of a beetroot juice intervention in people living with Alzheimer's disease | Participants will be supported by a carer, friend or family member to complete a semi-structured interview to assess how feasible the trial was. Questions will be based around adherence (e.g. was the beetroot juice taken consistently and at the right times), acceptability/safety (e.g. was the beetroot juice tolerable and would they consider doing it daily if the benefits were proven and were there any adverse effects) and data collection feasibility (e.g. how easy was it to collect and post saliva samples themselves and how much of a burden was the pre and post-testing). Simple Likert scales will also be used to assess acceptability of the beetroot juice. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes to oral microbiome pre to post intervention | An oral swab will collect bacteria from the tongue to analyse changes in the relative abundance of bacteria (%). Particular interest will be paid to pathogenic and nitrate reducing bacteria. Higher abundances of pathogenic bacteria and lower abundances of nitrate reducing bacteria indicate poorer oral health. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scott N Findlay | Contact | +447909159194 | scott.findlay@uws.ac.uk | |
| Rachel Kimble | Contact | Rachel.Kimble@uws.ac.uk |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Rachel Kimble | University of the West of Scotland | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of the West of Scotland | Glasgow | Lanarkshire | G72 0LH | United Kingdom |
Individual participant data from this feasibility trial will not be shared due to the small sample size and the sensitive nature of the data collected from participants with Alzheimer's disease. Sharing the data could risk participant re-identification and compromise privacy.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000544 | Alzheimer Disease |
| D003704 | Dementia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D024801 | Tauopathies |
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| Changes to cognitive function pre and post intervention | Cognitive function will be assessed pre and post-intervention through the use of Montreal Cognitive Assessment. A different version of the questionnaire will be completed pre and post. Higher scores indicate better cognitive performance. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes to nitric oxide metabolism | Blood will be collected and analysed for arginine levels (µM). Higher nitric oxide levels can mean better health however, the inclusion of iNOS measurements is to determine the source of the nitric oxide i.e. whether it's inflammatory based, or health based. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes to nitric Oxide metabolism | Saliva and blood will be collected and analysed for nitric oxide levels (µM). Higher nitric oxide levels can mean better health however, the inclusion of iNOS measurements is to determine the source of the nitric oxide i.e. whether it's inflammatory based, or health based. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes to nitric oxide metabolism | Blood will be collected for arginase activity (µmol/min/mg protein). Higher arginase activity could mean better health however, the inclusion of iNOS measurements is to determine the source of the nitric oxide i.e. whether it's inflammatory based, or health based. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes to nitric oxide metabolism | Blood will be collected to analyse inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity (relative fold change). Higher iNOS activity indicates greater levels of inflammation. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes in cardiovascular health pre to post intervention | Pulse wave analysis (augmentation index %) will be measured with lower scores considered better. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Change in body mass index pre to post intervention | Body mass index (kg/m²) will be calculated by measuring height (m) and weight (kg). | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes in blood pressure pre to post intervention | Blood pressure (mmHg) will be measured with 120/80 considered normal. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes in exercise capacity pre to post intervention. | Exercise capacity will be measured with a 2-minute step in place test (more steps indicates a higher fitness level). | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes in exercise levels pre to post intervention. | The International Physical Activity Questionnaire will be used to determine whether their physical activity levels change over the course of the intervention. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| Changes to quality of life pre to post intervention. | Quality of life will be measured using Dementia Quality of Life questionnaire (DEMQOL). Higher scores indicate a higher quality of life. | From enrolment to the post-intervention testing 8-days later. |
| D019636 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |