Irrigation of the nucleus with saline for 30 seconds after creating the central groove.

The hard nucleus is physiologically immune against water flow from out to inside the nucleus but we discovered that it is not immune against the flow of water from inside the nucleus to outside. So, we are doing phacoemulsification as usual, but we stop when the gutter becomes half the thickness of the nucleus, then we use the tip of the phaco as irrigation for 30 seconds. the nucleus will become softer.

. As we know, the nucleus of the lens has the highest concentration of crystalline (high osmotic pressure), so the water will flow from the center of the nucleus to the outer surface without any resistance, and all adhesions and bonds between lens fibers will be broken at once, and the nucleus becomes softer.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Brown cataract

Exclusion Criteria:

• white cataract
• soft cataract