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This study will be conducted to determine the effect of progressive relaxation and psychoeducation on perceived stress and hope in patients with hematological malignancies
Being healthy requires being in a state of complete physical and mental well-being. Therefore, mental and physical well-being must be maintained together. While each individual already has different stressors, the fact that hematological malignancies are chronic and immune-mediated diseases increases the stress factors perceived by individuals, and the difficulty and uncertainty of the process reduces their level of hope. This triggers the use of ineffective coping methods. Patients with high perceived stress levels and declining hope levels are unable to adequately manage the disease process. Consequently, mortality and morbidity rates increase. This experimentally planned study will be conducted between February 2026 and November 2026 at the Adult Inpatient Hematology Clinic of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Hospital. The study will involve 75 individuals hospitalized at the clinic who meet the inclusion criteria. It is a non-randomized study with 2 intervention groups and 1 control group. Intervention group A (progressive relaxation group, n=25), intervention group B (psychoeducation, n=25), and control group (routine care, n=25). Patients in intervention group A will undergo a 3-week, 6-session progressive relaxation exercise program, conducted individually and face-to-face. Intervention Group B will receive a 3-week, 6-session, individual, face-to-face psychoeducation program. The control group will receive 3 weeks of routine nursing care identical to that provided to the other groups. In this study, which will include pre- and post-tests, data will be collected face-to-face using the perceived stress level scale and the Herth hope index scale. The primary objective of this study is to examine the effects of progressive relaxation and psychoeducation interventions on perceived stress and hope levels in patients with hematological malignancies.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progressive relaxation | Active Comparator | Progressive relaxation; n=25: After the pre-test, 6 sessions (2 sessions per week) were planned for 3 weeks for individuals in this group. Each session will be conducted individually with patients, face-to-face, and will last 40-45 minutes. The post-test was administered after 3 weeks. PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION SESSION TITLES:
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| psychoeducation | Active Comparator | psychoeducation; n=25: After the pre-test, 6 sessions (2 sessions per week) were planned for 3 weeks for the individuals in this group. Each session will be conducted individually with patients, face-to-face, and will last 40-45 minutes. A post-test was administered after 3 weeks. Four expert opinions were obtained regarding the content. PSYCHOEDUCATION SESSION TITLES: 1. SESSION: INTRODUCTION AND PROGRAM OVERVIEW 2nd SESSION: UNDERSTANDING THE DISEASE - EMPOWERING THROUGH KNOWLEDGE 3rd SESSION: IDENTIFYING PERCEIVED STRESS AND ITS EFFECTS 4. SESSION: COPING WITH STRESS AND INTRODUCTION TO HOPE 5. SESSION: UNDERSTANDING AND STRENGTHENING HOPE 6. SESSION: INTERNALIZING WHAT HAS BEEN LEARNED, MAINTAINING AND EVALUATING |
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| routine nursing care | No Intervention | routine nursig care; n=25 No intervention was performed after the pre-test; routine nursing care was administered. The post-test was administered after 3 weeks. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle Relaxation | Behavioral | Progressive relaxation is a relaxation technique based on tensing and relaxing muscles in sequence. The goal is to achieve physical and mental relaxation by feeling the difference between tension and relaxation. It is frequently used for stress, anxiety, sleep problems, and psychosomatic disorders. When practiced regularly, it increases a person's ability to relax and contributes to their overall well-being.
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Herth hope index level scale | Herth Hope Index: Developed by Kaye Herth (1992), its validity and reliability in Turkish were studied by Aslan and colleagues (2007). The scale consists of a total of 12 items: "Future" (questions 1, 2, 6, 11), "Positive readiness and expectation" (questions 4, 7, 10, 12), and "Connections with oneself and others" (questions 3, 5, 8, 9). | 9 months |
| perceived stress level scales | PERCEIVED STRESS SCALE: The adaptation of the perceived stress scale developed by Cohen, Kamarck, and Mermelsten (1983) into Turkish was carried out by Eskin et al. (2013). The perceived stress scale, consisting of a total of 14 items, aims to measure how stressful individuals perceive their life situations to be.. | 9 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seydişehir Kamil Akkanat Sağlik Bilimleri Fakültesi | Konya | Seydi̇şehi̇r | 42000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019337 | Hematologic Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D006402 | Hematologic Diseases |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009126 | Muscle Relaxation |
| D000069445 | Atomoxetine Hydrochloride |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009119 | Muscle Contraction |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
| D011437 | Propylamines |
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Progressive relaxation group; n=25: After the pre-test, 6 sessions (2 sessions per week) were planned for 3 weeks for individuals in this group. Each session will be conducted individually with patients, face-to-face, and will last 40-45 minutes. The post-test was administered after 3 weeks.
psychoeducation group; n=25: After the pre-test, 6 sessions (2 sessions per week) were planned for 3 weeks for the individuals in this group. Each session will be conducted individually with patients, face-to-face, and will last 40-45 minutes. A post-test was administered after 3 weeks. Four expert opinions were obtained regarding the content.
routine nursing care group: no intervention n=25: The 'Perceived Stress Level' scale and the 'Herth Hope Index' scale will be administered after the initial interview.
Routine nursing care was provided.After 3 weeks, the 'Perceived Stress Level' scale and the 'Herth Hope Index' scale will be administered after the
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| psychoeducation or Atomoxetine or stimulants according to ADHD severity | Behavioral | Psychoeducation is a structured educational process that provides individuals with information about mental illnesses, ways to cope with stress, and healthy living skills. The goal is to help the person understand their illness and symptoms, learn coping methods, and increase their compliance with treatment. It has both an informative and a supportive aspect. INTERVENTION B (PSYCHOEDUCATION) GROUP APPLICATION:
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| D000588 | Amines |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |