Comparing Intermittent Fasting and Mediterranean Diet for Obesity

Comparative Effects of Intermittent Fasting Versus Mediterranean Diet on Obesity Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of intermittent fasting (IF) and the Mediterranean diet (MD) on weight loss in obese adults.

Methods: A total of 120 adults diagnosed with obesity were enrolled. Baseline data on physical activity and dietary intake were collected through structured interviews. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups for a 4-week intervention. The IF group followed a time-restricted eating schedule (16:8), while the MD group followed a structured plan of three main meals and three snacks daily. Both diets included a 500-calorie daily reduction from estimated energy needs. Anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and week 4.

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²
• absence of chronic diseases
• no regular use of medications
• non smokers
• non alcohol users
• not pregnant or breastfeeding
• no history of bariatric surgery
• no significant weight fluctuations (±5 kg) in the past 6 months
• no pregnancy plans during the study period

Exclusion Criteria:

• BMI < 30 kg/m²
• Presence of any diagnosed chronic disease (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders, renal or hepatic disease)
• Regular use of medications that could affect metabolism, appetite, or body weight
• Smoking or alcohol consumption
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding during the study period
• History of bariatric or other weight-related surgical procedures
• Significant weight changes (gain or loss ≥5 kg) within the past 6 months
• Planning pregnancy during the study period
• Inability or unwillingness to comply with dietary intervention and follow-up requirements