In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions.

In this study, several standardized assessments will be administered to evaluate different physical and cognitive parameters of older adults. Cognitive functions will be assessed using the Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT). Cervical proprioceptive awareness will be measured with the Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE), which uses a laser-guided system to assess joint position sense. Pain intensity, quality, and its impact on daily living activities will be evaluated with the Geriatric Pain Scale (GPS). Physical fitness parameters such as strength, balance, flexibility, and agility will be measured through the Senior Fitness Test (SFT), which includes multiple functional subtests. Finally, fear of movement related to pain will be assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). All assessments will be conducted by a physiotherapist under standardized testing conditions.

The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.

The Cervical Joint Position Error Test is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.

The Cervical Joint Position Error Test (CJPE) is a clinical assessment used to evaluate cervical proprioceptive awareness by measuring how accurately a person can reposition their head to a neutral position after active neck movements. During the test, a laser pointer attached to the participant's head projects onto a target, and the difference between the starting and returning points is recorded. Smaller errors indicate better proprioceptive control and joint position sense in the cervical region.

The Standardized Mini-Mental Test (SMMT) is a brief cognitive assessment tool used to evaluate various aspects of mental function in older adults. It measures domains such as orientation, attention, memory, language, and visuospatial abilities, providing an overall score out of 30 points. Higher scores indicate normal cognitive function, while lower scores suggest different levels of cognitive impairment. The test takes approximately 10 minutes to administer and is widely used for screening cognitive status, particularly in identifying mild to severe cognitive decline.