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This study aims to explore the relationship between children's physical fitness and flatfoot. Specifically, it is designed to determine whether fitness levels are linked to the incidence and severity of flatfoot and to explore other possible factors, including genetics, exercise behavior, and body weight.
This study aims to examine the relationship between children's physical fitness and flatfoot. We will recruit a sample of children across different ages, genders, and fitness levels. Physical fitness will be assessed using standardized tests, including body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscle strength, and flexibility. Foot structure and function will be evaluated through arch index and plantar pressure analysis to determine the presence and severity of flatfoot. Background information, such as age, gender, height, weight, exercise habits, and family history, will also be collected.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| preschool students | Children aged about 1-6 years from northern Taiwan. |
| |
| primary school students | Children aged about 7-12 years from northern Taiwan. |
| |
| middle school students | Children aged about 13-15 years from northern Taiwan. |
| |
| high school students | Adolescents aged about 16-18 years from northern Taiwan. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No intervention (observational study) | Other | This is an observational study with no intervention. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Questionnaire Score | Score from a self-designed questionnaire on lifestyle habits and foot-related symptoms. Scale range: higher scores = better habits, fewer symptoms. | Baseline |
| Body Fat Percentage | Body fat percentage measured using InBody analyzer. Unit: Percent (%) (lower values indicate better body composition). | Baseline |
| Skeletal Muscle Mass | Skeletal muscle mass measured using InBody analyzer. Unit: Kilograms (higher values indicate greater muscle mass). | Baseline |
| Cardiorespiratory Endurance | Performance on standardized shuttle run test. Unit: Seconds (shorter time indicates better endurance). | Baseline |
| Handgrip Strength | Grip strength measured using digital dynamometer. Unit: Kilograms (higher values indicate greater strength). | Baseline |
| Pinch Strength | Pinch force measured with a pinch gauge. Unit: Kilograms (higher values indicate greater strength). | Baseline |
| Flexibility Test | Sit and reach distance measured in centimeters. Unit: Centimeters (higher values indicate greater flexibility). | Baseline |
| Balance Ability |
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Inclusion Criteria:
-Children aged 1-18 years
Exclusion Criteria:
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600 children aged 1-18 years from northern Taiwan
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chia-Ling Chen, MD, PhD | Chang Gung Memorial Hospital | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chang Gung Memorial Hospital | Taoyuan | 333 | Taiwan |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005413 | Flatfoot |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000070558 | Talipes |
| D005531 | Foot Deformities, Acquired |
| D005530 | Foot Deformities |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019370 | Observation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008722 | Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
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Samples with DNA
Time maintaining one-leg stance without support. Unit: Seconds (longer time indicates better balance). |
| Baseline |
| Arch Index | Foot arch index derived from footprint analysis. Unit: Ratio (0.2-0.3 indicates normal arch). | Baseline |
| Achilles Tendon Alignment | Deviation angle of Achilles tendon alignment. Unit: Degrees (smaller angles indicate better alignment). | Baseline |
| D005532 |
| Foot Deformities, Congenital |
| D038061 | Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital |
| D017880 | Limb Deformities, Congenital |
| D009139 | Musculoskeletal Abnormalities |
| D000013 | Congenital Abnormalities |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |