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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if medical dog intervention facilitated by a Certified Child Life Specialist (CCLS) impacts pediatric patient coping, fear, and anxiety during inpatient admissions. The main questions it aims to answer are:
What impact does facility dog support via a CCLS have on patient fear, coping, and anxiety? What effect does facility dog support via a CCLS have on patient heart rate? Researchers will compare medical dog intervention facilitated by a CCLS, CCLS intervention, and a coloring activity to see if medical dog interventions positively impact coping, fear, and anxiety.
Participants will:
Receive a visit from a medical dog and their CCLS handler, a CCLS, or a Child Life Activity coordinator.
Engage in a mindfulness or coloring activity. Answer surveys regarding anxiety, coping, and fear. Have their heart rate measured before, during, and after their assigned intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Child life specialist intervention + facility dog led mindfulness | Experimental | Participants will receive a 20-minute mindfulness coping intervention from a CCLS handler and their facility dog. The CCLS will introduce themselves and their facility dog and explain the activity, then implement a guided mindfulness activity while the child holds their hand on the facility dog's stomach/chest. |
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| Child life specialist led mindfulness | Active Comparator | Participants will receive a 20-minute mindfulness coping intervention from a CCLS. The CCLS will introduce themselves and their role and explain the activity and then implement a guided mindfulness activity while the child holds a stress ball. |
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| Child life activity coordinator led coloring activity | Other | Participants will complete a 20-minute coloring activity facilitated by a Child Life Activity Coordinator (CLAC). Children aged 8-12 years old will be provided a medical dog coloring sheet with crayons; children aged 13-17 years old will be provided an adult coloring sheet that uses a dog image and colored pencils. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coloring page activity led by CLAC | Behavioral | Participants will be provided coloring pages and colored pencils or crayons led by a Child Life Activity Coordinator, and will engage in the activity for 15 minutes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory Short Form | A 6-item measure that assesses anxiety via self-report. Individuals rate their agreement with six statements on a 4-point scale, ranging from 1 (not at all) to 4 (very much), with higher scores indicating more anxiety. | Baseline and approximately 15 minutes after starting the intervention. |
| Children's Fear Scale | A 1-item measure that assesses fear via self-report faces scale. Individuals rate their fear on a scale, ranging from no fear to extreme fear, by selecting one of five face pictures that matches how they feel. | Baseline and approximately 15 minutes after starting the intervention. |
| Coping Questionnaire - Child | Measures youth's perceived ability to cope on a three-item, individualized measure. Children rate their ability to make themselves less upset during an anxiety-provoking situation on a 7-point scale, ranging from 1 (not at all able to help myself or him/herself) to 7, with lower scores indicating poor coping. | Approximately 15 minutes after starting the intervention. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Heart Rate | Participants' heart rate will be measured at four time points using a bedside heart rate monitor. | Baseline, before the intervention, 5 minutes after intervention start, post-intervention (approximately 15 minutes after intervention start). |
| Parent Survey |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Claire Simonsen, BA | Contact | 720-777-5313 | claire.simonsen@childrenscolorado.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sarah Scott | Children's Hospital Colorado | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children's Hospital Colorado | Aurora | Colorado | 80045 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| Mindfulness Activity led by CCLS | Behavioral | Participants will engage in a 10 minute mindfulness activity led by a Certified Child Life Specialist who will follow a mindfulness script. Participants will hold a stress ball during the activity. |
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| Mindfulness Activity led by CCLS and Facility Dog | Behavioral | Participants will engage in a 10 minute mindfulness activity led by a Certified Child Life Specialist who will follow a mindfulness script. Participants will be able to be next to and touch the medical dog during the activity. |
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Legal guardians will be if the participant has any developmental and/or psychological diagnoses, as well as if the patient has a dog at home. |
| Before the intervention. |