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The proposed study will collect novel data evaluating the feasibility of a neurofeedback training program delivered to prospective clients with a history of clinically concerning trauma-related mental health symptoms who are on a wait list to receive obsessive compulsive disorder-specific psychotherapy at an outpatient mental health clinic. This study will evaluate the influence of neurofeedback training on participant's overall sense of well-being, and additionally, whether any enhanced well-being is subsequently associated with positive changes in symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress, dissociation and other trauma-related mental health symptoms, emotional regulation, etc.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurofeedback Training | Other | Participants in the Neurofeedback Training group will complete per-training, post-training, and post-training follow-up self-report surveys assessing overall well-being, symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress, OCD, dissociation and other trauma-related mental health symptoms, emotional regulation, etc. Participants in this group will all be on a wait list to receive obsessive compulsive disorder-specific psychotherapy at a local outpatient therapy clinic that specializes in the treatment of anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders. All participants will demonstrate clinically significant post-traumatic stress symptoms and have a self-reported diagnosis of obsessive compulsive disorder. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neuroptimal (Zengar, Inc.) Neurofeedback | Device | Participants in the Neurofeedback Training group will complete a total of 8 training sessions (1-2 sessions a week, each session lasting approximately 34 minutes) within a 3 month time span, using the Neuroptimal (Zengar, Inc.) neurofeedback device. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fith Edition (PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 - Standard). | This measure evaluates symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Minimum score = 0 Maximum score = 80 Higher scores mean a worse outcome. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| Dissociative Symptoms Scale (DSS) | This 20-item measure evaluates moderate to severe levels of dissociative symptoms in four main domains: depersonalization, derealization, gaps in awareness or memory, and dissociative reexperiencing symptoms. Scores range from 0-80, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS; with Checklist) | 10-item measure evaluating severity of obsessive compulsive symptoms, with an accompanying checklist of symptom types. Scores range from 0-40 with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. Symptoms on the checklist are categorized, and indicate different OCD symptom clusters or sub-types that respondents may experience. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) | 36-item measure evaluating challenges with emotional regulation. Scores range from 36-180, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5) | 5-item measure evaluating overall well-being. Scores range from 0-25, with higher scores indicating better outcomes. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| Patient Health Questionnaire - 8 (PHQ-8) | 8-item measure evaluating depressive symptoms. Scores range from 0-24, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| GAD-7 | 7-item measure evaluating anxiety symptoms. Scores range from 0-21, with higher scores indicating worse outcomes. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| Everyday Discrimination Scale | 9-item measure evaluating experiences of discrimination. Scores range from 9-54, with higher scores indicating more frequent experiences of discrimination. | The measure will be administered three intervals: 1) per-training, at the beginning of the study, 2) post-training, between 2-3 months later, following the completion of the training phase, 3) as a follow-up, 3 months after the post-training interval. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000092862 | Psychological Well-Being |
| D000080103 | Emotional Regulation |
| D004213 | Dissociative Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010549 | Personal Satisfaction |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D000068356 | Self-Control |
| D012919 | Social Behavior |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058765 | Neurofeedback |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001676 | Biofeedback, Psychology |
| D026441 | Mind-Body Therapies |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
| D030141 | Feedback, Psychological |
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