The purpose of this study is to assess the treatment-related adverse events and associated healthcare resource use in programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) negative individuals diagnosed with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received first-line therapy

Inclusion Criteria:Inclusion Criteria:

• Are ≥ 18 years of age at the index date

• Have a confirmed diagnosis of advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (stage IIIB-IV) (squamous and non-squamous)

• Have PD-L1< 1% level as reported

• Received one of the following 1L treatments:

  • Cohort 1: nivolumab + ipilimumab
  • Cohort 2: nivolumab + ipilimumab + platinum-based chemotherapy
  • Cohort 3: Immuno-oncology (IO)-based therapy (excluding nivolumab-based regimens) with chemotherapy
  • Cohort 4: Dual-IO with chemotherapy (eg. tremelimumab-actl + durvalumab + carboplatin + albumin-bound paclitaxel, tremelimumab-actl + durvalumab + [carboplatin or cisplatin] + gemcitabine, tremelimumab-actl + durvalumab + carboplatin + albumin-bound paclitaxel, tremelimumab-actl + durvalumab + [carboplatin or cisplatin] + pemetrexed)

• Have ≥ 6 months of documented post-index (follow-up) period after the index date - Participants who die within 6 months of follow-up will be included

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have positive or unknown EGFR or ALK mutation before the index date
• Have a gap of > 120 days between metastatic NSCLC diagnosis and index date
• Were included in a clinical trial for 1L therapy
• Enter a hospice within 6 months of the follow-up will be excluded
• Have other concurrent primary cancer diagnoses

The study population will comprise of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) negative individuals diagnosed with advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received first-line therapy in routine clinical practice at the Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute