The aim of this study to describe the utility of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy for the diagnosis and management of different respiratory diseases in the neonatal ICU.

Study including neonates who underwent flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy over a period of 10 years from January 2015 to January 2025. The study population comprised neonates admitted to the NICU in Sohag University Hospitals between January 2015 and january 2025.

• The inclusion criteria were neonates aged from 1 day to 28 days with recurrent dyspnea, stridor, recurrent chocking or suspicious respiratory tract anomaly; with recurrent pulmonary infection or atelectasis in the same lung lobe; with suspicious tracheal stenosis in radiological image [X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan]; inability to be extubated without clear reason; or confirmed congenital esophageal atresia to clarify the presence and position of esophagobronchial fistula before surgery.
• Exclusion criteria : neonates with neurological , cardiac problem ,age above 28 days Clinical data such as age, sex; weight at bronchoscopy; mechanical ventilation during hospitalization.
• Clinical indications and results of bronchoscopy were also retrospectively collected.
• Medical and surgical intervention needed for management after diagnosis by FB.

Inclusion Criteria:

• neonates aged from 1 day to 28 days with recurrent dyspnea, stridor, recurrent chocking or suspicious respiratory tract anomaly; with recurrent pulmonary infection or atelectasis in the same lung lobe; with suspicious tracheal stenosis in radiological image [X-ray or computed tomography (CT) scan]; inability to be extubated without clear reason; or confirmed congenital esophageal atresia to clarify the presence and position of esophagobronchial fistula before surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

neonates with neurological , cardiac problem ,age above 28 days

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