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Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic pain syndrome characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, and emotional disorders. Its onset is related to factors such as central sensitization and imbalance of neurotransmitters. The current mainstream treatments include pregabalin, but the efficacy of pregabalin is limited, with only 25%-40% pain relief rate, and adverse reactions are common. Selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), such as duloxetine, has demonstrated efficacy in FM by modulating pain pathways through increased serotonin and norepinephrine availability. Several studies have highlighted benefits of toludesvenlafaxine in FM. We hypothesize that the combination of pregabalin with toludesvenlafaxine may offer greater pain relief compared pregabalin monotherapy, without a significant increase in adverse effects for patients with FM.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pregabalin monotherapy group | Active Comparator |
| |
| Pregabalin with toludesvenlafaxine group | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregabalin | Drug | In the pregabalin monotherapy group, pregabalin will be initiated at 150 mg daily, divided into 2 or 3 doses per day, and increased to 300 mg per day after 3 to 7 days, subsequent increases of 150 mg daily may occur every 3 to 7 days, based on individual patient response and tolerability, with a maximum dose of 600 mg daily. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The average pain intensity | The average pain intensity over the past 24 hours, rated each morning upon awakening and averaged over 7 days at the 4 weeks. This will be measured based on NRS, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain imaginable. | At the 4-weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The worst pain intensity | The worst pain intensity over the past 24 hours, rated each morning upon awakening and averaged over 7 days. The pain intensity will be measured based on NRS, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain imaginable. | At the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| The proportion of patients achieving pain reduction |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion criteria
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fang Luo | Contact | +8613611326978 | 13611326978@163.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, Beijing 100070 | Recruiting | Beijing | China |
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| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Mathieson S, Lin C-WC, Underwood M, Eldabe S. Pregabalin and gabapentin for pain. BMJ. 2020;369:m1315. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1315 | View source |
| Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Eschweiler J, Baroncini A, Bell A, Colarossi G. Duloxetine for fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023;18(1):504. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-03995-z. | View source |
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Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after de-identification (text, tables, figures and appendices) are available. Derived data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author Fang Luo on request.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005356 | Fibromyalgia |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D012216 | Rheumatic Diseases |
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
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Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000069583 | Pregabalin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005680 | gamma-Aminobutyric Acid |
| D000613 | Aminobutyrates |
| D002087 | Butyrates |
| D000144 | Acids, Acyclic |
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|
| Pregabalin with toludesvenlafaxine | Drug | In the pregabalin with toludesvenlafaxine group, the dose titration of pregabalin is identical with pregabalin monotherapy group. Toludesvenlafaxine will be administered at 40 mg daily initially. If the initial dose is well-tolerated, the dose could be further escalated by 40 mg per day after 7 days, up to a maximum of 160 mg per day. With each dose increase, AEs will be assessed and categorized as mild, moderate, or severe. If participants tolerate the current dose for 2 to 3 days, it will be maintained, with the expectation that tolerance to AEs will develop. If AEs become intolerable, the dose will be decreased back to the previous dose, which was defined as the maximum tolerated dose. In the combination group, dose titration of both pregabalin and toludesvenlafaxine will be conducted simultaneously. If AEs occur, the next dose regimen should be determined in consultation with a clinical physician. |
|
The proportion of patients achieving a ≥ 50% and ≥ 30% reduction in mean baseline pain intensity. The pain intensity will be measured based on NRS, where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain imaginable. |
| At the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| The Revised FM Impact Questionnaire | The Revised FM Impact Questionnaire assesses the severity of FM symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. It evaluates three linked domains: function, overall impact, and symptoms, using a 0 to10 NRS. The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater disease burden. | At the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| The short-form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) | The SF-36 assesses health-related quality of life, capturing preferences across various health states. It assesses 8 dimensions: physical functioning, physical role limitations due to physical health, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. Scores range from 0 to 100 for each dimension, with higher scores indicating better health status. | t the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| The Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale (MOS) | The MOS is a questionnaire comprising 12 items that assess various aspects of sleep using a 6-point ordinal scale (1 indicating permanence and 6 indicating absence). | At the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| The Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ (BD-Ⅱ) | The BD-Ⅱ evaluates the severity of depressive symptoms using a 4-point scale from 0 to 3, where 0 indicates no symptom and 3 indicates severe symptomatology. It comprises 21 items, the total score ranging from 0 to 63. | At the weeks 1, 2, 4, and 8 |
| Adverse Events | The incidence and proportion of adverse events will be recorded and categorized as mild, moderate, severe, or life-threatening. AEs are defined as events that arise during treatment, were absent before treatment, or worsen relative to the pretreatment state. | Through study completion, an average of 8 weeks |
| Gilron I, Chaparro LE, Tu D, Holden RR, Milev R, Towheed T, et al. Combination of pregabalin with duloxetine for fibromyalgia: a randomized controlled trial. Pain. 2016;157(7):1532-40. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000558. | View source |
| D009422 |
| Nervous System Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D002264 |
| Carboxylic Acids |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000596 | Amino Acids |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |