Evaluate the level of knowledge , attitude and practices among parents of children with napkin dermatosis and assess the pattern of napkin dermatosis among children up to 2 years old attending Assiut University Hospital (AUH).

Napkin dermatosis, commonly referred to as diaper rash or napkin dermatitis, is a frequent inflammatory skin condition affecting the diaper area of infants and young children, particularly under three years of age [1,2]. It is characterized by erythematous macules, papules, and sometimes erosions or secondary infections. Prevalence rates vary between 4% and 35%, with peak incidence between 8 and 12 months [1-3].Multiple factors contribute to its development, including prolonged exposure to moisture, urine, and feces, which compromise the skin barrier and increase susceptibility to irritants and infections. Interaction of urine with skin bacteria produces ammonia, raising skin pH and promoting irritation [4,5]. Introduction of solid foods can further exacerbate inflammation, and secondary infections, particularly by Candida albicans, may complicate the clinical course [6,7].Caregivers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices are critical in preventing and managing napkin dermatosis. Frequent diaper changes, use of barrier creams, and avoiding irritant products significantly reduce its risk [8-9].Parental knowledge and awareness about proper diaper care, prevention strategies, and early recognition of complications play a pivotal role in reducing the incidence and severity of napkin dermatosis [7]. However, evidence suggests that parental awareness and adherence to recommended practices vary widely, especially in regions lacking structured educational programs [10,11].the rationale for this study is to assess Parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices, and describe the patterns of napkin dermatosis among children attending Assiut University Hospitals, ultimately improving child health and parental care behaviors.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged up to 2 years attending Assuit University Chlidren's Hospital and dermatology outpatient clinics in AUH during the study period , presenting with skin changes in the diaper area.
• Children whose parents and caregivers provide informed consent for participation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• parents and caregivers who refuse or are unable to give informed consent.
• Infants on admission , severely ill or immunocompromised

Children aged 0-24 months presenting with napkin dermatosis at Assiut University Hospitals outpatient dermatology and pediatric clinics