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Aims of the Research:
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide, with Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. representing the majority of isolated pathogens in both community and hospital settings. Providencia spp., although historically considered uncommon, are increasingly recognized as opportunistic pathogens.
International surveillance studies report that Providencia accounts for ~1-2% of urinary isolates, with higher prevalence (up to 6-12%) in catheter-associated infection.
The Providencia genus, nestled within the Enterobacterales order as part of Proteus and Morganella relatives, consists of Gram-negative bacteria that are adept at producing urease .
The genus includes 14 distinct species, with Providencia rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Providencia alcalifaciens, and Providencia hangzhouensis standing out due to their pronounced relevance to human infections. Renowned for their association with urinary tract infections, these pathogens also possess the capability to inflict a broader spectrum of severe ailments, such as ocular diseases,peritonitis, neonatal septicemia or bloodstream infections and meningitis.
Providencia stuartii is able to adhere to and invade HeLa-M epithelial cell line.
They form biofilms and have several virulence genes . Providencia spp. may be susceptible to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins, aztreonam, imipenem, and meropenem. Providencia species have variable susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Generally, Providencia spp. are frequently resistant to tetracyclines, penicillins, and first- and second- generation cephalosporins .
Providencia spp.are intrinsically resistant to polymyxins and tigecycline, which are considered last- resort antibiotics for other resistant pathogens .
In Egypt, several studies have investigated the prevalence of UTI pathogens, consistently reporting E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp. as the most frequent isolates .
However, no published Egyptian data specifically describe the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, or clinical significance of Providencia spp. in UTIs.
This gap highlights the need for focused research on Providencia in the Egyptian context. Studying its frequency, antibiotic resistance mechanisms, and clinical relevance would not only provide novel insights but also contribute to improving diagnosis, empirical therapy, and infection control strategies in Egyptian hospitals .
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotic sensitivity | Drug | Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistance gene antibiotics. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Determination of prevalence of Providencia species refers specifically to urinary tract infection patients with gram-negative bacterial isolates. | Through study completion, an average of 1 year |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Patients with UTI diagnosed through clinical examination and urine analysis. Informed consent will be obtained from each patient before Participation in the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with UTI diagnosed through clinical examination and urine analysis.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aya Tareq Diab, Bachelor's degree | Contact | +201157456012 | ay39090ta@gmail.com | |
| Rawhia Fathy Abdel-Hamid, Doctorate | Contact | 01110965594 | rawhiafathy@aun.edu.eg |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Aya Tareq Diab, Bachelor's degree | Assiut University | Principal Investigator |
| Prof: Mona Hussein Abdel-Rahim, PhD | Assiut University | Study Director |
| Dr. Rawhia Fathy Abdel Hamid, Doctorate |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assiut University | Asyut | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Çetin ET, et al. Providencia spp. in nosocomial urinary infections. Turk J Med Sci. 1998;28(1):59-62 | ||
| Result | Ewing WH. The tribe Proteeae: its nomenclature and taxonomy. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 1962;12(3):93-102 | ||
| Result | Charbek EPN. Providencia infections treatment & management: medical care, surgical care, consultations. Medscape. 2019 | ||
| 16863487 | Result | Rose WE, Rybak MJ. Tigecycline: first of a new class of antimicrobial agents. Pharmacotherapy. 2006 Aug;26(8):1099-110. doi: 10.1592/phco.26.8.1099. | |
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Urine samples
| Assiut University |
| Study Chair |
| Result |
| Guidone GHM, Cardozo JG, Silva LC, Sanches MS, Galhardi LCF, Kobayashi RKT, Vespero EC, Rocha SPD. Epidemiology and characterization of Providencia stuartii isolated from hospitalized patients in southern Brazil: a possible emerging pathogen. Access Microbiol. 2023 Oct 18;5(10):000652.v4. doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000652.v4. eCollection 2023. |
| 29682537 | Result | Kurmasheva N, Vorobiev V, Sharipova M, Efremova T, Mardanova A. The Potential Virulence Factors of Providencia stuartii: Motility, Adherence, and Invasion. Biomed Res Int. 2018 Feb 21;2018:3589135. doi: 10.1155/2018/3589135. eCollection 2018. |
| 38714595 | Result | Dong X, Xiang Y, Yang P, Wang S, Yan W, Yuan Y, Zhou S, Zhou K, Liu J, Zhang Y. Novel Providencia xianensis sp. nov.: A multidrug-resistant species identified in clinical infections. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2024 Jul;43(7):1461-1467. doi: 10.1007/s10096-024-04821-y. Epub 2024 May 7. |
| 11023955 | Result | O'Hara CM, Brenner FW, Miller JM. Classification, identification, and clinical significance of Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2000 Oct;13(4):534-46. doi: 10.1128/CMR.13.4.534. |
| 25750557 | Result | Wie SH. Clinical significance of Providencia bacteremia or bacteriuria. Korean J Intern Med. 2015 Mar;30(2):167-9. doi: 10.3904/kjim.2015.30.2.167. Epub 2015 Feb 27. No abstract available. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014552 | Urinary Tract Infections |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000081164 | Drug Collateral Sensitivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004347 | Drug Interactions |
| D000069437 | Pharmacological Phenomena |
| D002620 | Pharmacological and Toxicological Phenomena |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
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