Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Aims: To evaluate the impact of an undersea-themed examination table cover (UTETC) designed for electrocardiography (ECG) procedures on fear and anxiety levels in children.
Background: Children may experience fear and anxiety not only during painful procedures but also during painless interventions such as ECG. The unfamiliar environment, equipment, and separation from caregivers can contribute to emotional distress.
Design: This is a single-blind, randomized controlled trial.
Methods: The study was conducted with 80 children aged 3-12 years who underwent ECG procedures in a pediatric emergency department. Participants were randomly assigned to either the control group (n = 40) or the intervention group (n = 40) using block randomization. Data were collected using the Child Fear Scale and the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale.
Relevance to Clinical Practice: The UTETC represents a potential non-pharmacological intervention aimed at improving the emotional comfort of children during ECG procedures.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental |
| |
| Control | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| distraciton technices | Other | UTETC is a distraction method used during ECG procedures. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| fear | Children's fear levels will be assessed using the Children's Fear Scale (CFS), which consists of five faces ranging from 0 (no fear) to 4 (extreme fear). Higher scores indicate higher levels of perceived fear. | 2 minutes before the ECG procedure, at the moment the ECG recording button is pressed, and 2 minutes after the ECG procedure |
| anxiety | Anxiety will be assessed using the Children's Emotional Manifestation Scale (CEMS), which evaluates five categories of observable emotional behavior. Each item is scored from 1 to 5, with total scores ranging from 5 to 25. Higher scores indicate higher levels of observed anxiety. | 2 minutes before the ECG procedure, at the moment the ECG recording button is pressed, and 2 minutes after the ECG procedure |
Not provided
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
-Reported fear of water, being underwater, or swimming
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
Not provided
Not provided
Participants were stratified by age and gender, and then assigned to the intervention or control group using block randomization.
Not provided
Not provided
The outcomes were assessed by two independent nurses who were blinded to group assignments.