This study aims to assess the incidence and clinical outcomes of vaso-occlusive crises in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease. Data will be collected and analyzed to identify risk factors and related complications.

Sickle cell disease is a hereditary blood disorder characterized by the presence of sickle-shaped red blood cells, which leads to recurrent vaso-occlusive crises (VOC). These painful episodes are among the most common causes of hospitalization and are associated with significant morbidity in pediatric patients. Despite ongoing improvements in the management of sickle cell disease, there is still limited data describing the incidence, risk factors, and clinical outcomes of VOC in children within our population.

This study is designed to retrospectively analyze medical records of pediatric patients with sickle cell disease at Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University. The primary aim is to estimate the incidence of vaso-occlusive crises and to identify the most frequent complications. Secondary objectives include evaluating treatment approaches, length of hospital stay, and clinical outcomes. Findings from this study are expected to provide valuable insights that may help improve clinical care strategies and preventive measures for affected children.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children aged 1-18 years. Confirmed diagnosis of sickle cell anemia by hemoglobin electrophoresis or high-performance liquid chromatography .

History of at least one hospital visit or admission for vaso-occlusive crisis

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with other hemoglobinopathies (e.g., thalassemia). Patients with incomplete medical records. Children with coexisting chronic diseases that may confound pain crises .

Pediatric patients (1-18 years) with confirmed Sickle Cell Disease. The study observes the incidence and outcomes of vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs). Both sexes are eligible. Healthy volunteers are not included.