Comparison of Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Postural Stability in Individuals With Pes Planus

An Investigation of Heel Rise Test, Postural and Tibial Sway During Single-Leg Stance in Pes Planus

The goal of this observational study is to examine the relationship between plantar flexor endurance and postural and tibial sway in adults (≥18 years) with pes planus (flatfoot). The main questions it aims to answer are:

Is there a correlation between plantar flexor endurance, postural sway and tibial sway during single-leg stance?

Participants will:

Perform a heel rise test to assess plantar flexor endurance

Stand on one leg while wearing a motion sensor to measure postural and tibial sway

Complete the tests under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions

Inclusion Criteria:

• Participants aged 18 years and older
• A navicular drop test result of at least 10 mm

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals with chronic diseases, hearing or vision impairments, orthopedic injuries or surgical history, and leg length discrepancy