Business decision

This study is designed to compare weight loss outcomes and safety of ESG versus lifestyle modification in patients with obesity who discontinued GLP-1 therapy due to intolerance or suboptimal weight loss.

This retrospective cohort study includes collection of data from medical records for consecutively treated patients undergoing treatment for weight loss following GLP-1 discontinuation. Weight loss treatment is either ESG with OverStitch™ OverStitch NXT™ or matched timeframe controls who participated in a lifestyle modification program for weight loss management.

Subjects will be enrolled in a 2:1 ratio (ESG: Lifestyle modification)

Patients are required to have the following visits for weight loss management:

• Completed initial consultation visit (baseline) prior to initiation of weight management program with documented GLP-1 history and reason for discontinuation
• Initiation of weight loss management no earlier than August 2021
• A minimum of two weight loss management visits, defined as performed by the physician that is managing the weight loss program and/or an affiliated weight loss specialist, completed at 1, 3, 6, or 9 months from the initiation of weight loss management
• Completed 1-year weight loss management visit (as defined above)

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adults (≥ 18 years)
2. BMI ≥30 kg/m² and ≤ 50 kg/m2
3. Discontinued GLP-1 therapy for weight loss (semaglutide and tirzepatide only) for intolerance or suboptimal weight loss (<5% TBWL after 3 months at maximally tolerated dose)
4. Initiation of weight loss management no earlier than August 2021
5. Completed 1-year follow-up for weight loss management (ESG and lifestyle modification or lifestyle modification alone) following initiation of weight loss treatment
6. Completed at least two interim visits for weight loss management from 1, 3, 6, through 9 months following initiation of weight loss treatment

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Missing data regarding GLP-1 treatment history, including weight before GLP-1 treatment and at discontinuation, and discontinuation reason
2. History of GLP-1 medication for a reason other than weight management
3. Had bariatric surgery or an endoscopic procedure for weight loss treatment other than ESG with OverStitch™ or OverStitch NXT™ within 1 year of starting weight loss management
4. Had an additional endoscopic treatment performed prior to or at the time of the ESG procedure that could influence weight loss results
5. Had another weight loss treatment during the 1-year follow-up reported during this study. Weight loss treatment includes but is not limited to appetite suppressants, anti-obesity medications, plastic surgery or body contouring procedures.
6. Pregnancy during the 1 year following initiation of weight loss management

Adults over 18 years of age who were prescribed GLP-1 medication for weight loss and discontinued it due to intolerance of symptoms or suboptimal weight loss.